Spatial Distribution and Seasonal Variation of Explosive Cyclones over the North Atlantic  

作　　者：SUN Yawen FU Gang SUN Jilin ZHANG Shuqin 

机构地区：[1]College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences,Ocean University of China [2]Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography,Ocean University of China

出　　处：《Journal of Ocean University of China》2018年第5期1000-1010,共11页中国海洋大学学报（英文版）

基　　金：jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41775042 and 41275049)

摘　　要：Spatial distribution and seasonal variation of explosive cyclones （ECs） over the North Atlantic from October 2000 to September 2016 are investigated using the reanalysis data of Final Analysis （FNL）, Mean Sea Level Pressure （MSLP） and Optimum Interpolation （OI） Sea Surface Temperature （SST） provided by the National Centers for Environmental Prediction （NCEP）, the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts （ECMWF） and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration （NOAA）, respectively. Considering the meridional distribution of ECs and 10-m height wind field associated with the ECs, the definition of EC given by Yoshida and Asuma （2004） is modified. It is found that the ECs occurred mainly in four regions during winter season, namely, North America continent （NAC）, the Northwest Atlantic （NWA）, the North-centzal Atlantic （NCA）, and the Northeast Atlantic （NEA）, depending on the spatial distribution of EC＇s maximum deepening rate of central sea level pressure （SLP）. According to the magnitude of maximum deepening rate, the trend of EC numbers basically decrease with the increase of EC＇s maximum deepening rate over the North Atlantic during the whole time period. Over the North Atlantic basin, for monthly statistics, the NEA, NCA, and NWA cyclones occur mainly in December, from December to March, and from January to February, respectively. NWA, NCA and NEA cyclones in winter are associated with low-level barocliincity, both low-level baroclinicity and upper-level forcing and upper-level forcing, respectively. According to monthly variation, the averaged maximum deepening rate of central SLP firstly increases and then decreases from July to June. Overall, the distribution of ECs＇ tracks is basically in the southwest-northeast direction. During winter circulation stage （from October to May）, the averaged maximum deepening rate of central SLP and the averaged minimum central SLP of ECs decrease, and the averaged explosive-deepening duration Spatial distribution and seasonal variation of explosive cyclones(ECs) over the North Atlantic from October 2000 to September 2016 are investigated using the reanalysis data of Final Analysis(FNL),Mean Sea Level Pressure(MSLP) and Optimum Interpolation(OI) Sea Surface Temperature(SST) provided by the National Centers for Environmental Prediction(NCEP),the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA),respectively.Considering the meridional distribution of ECs and 10-m height wind field associated with the ECs,the definition of EC given by Yoshida and Asuma(2004) is modified.It is found that the ECs occurred mainly in four regions during winter season,namely,North America continent(NAC),the Northwest Atlantic(NWA),the North-central Atlantic(NCA),and the Northeast Atlantic(NEA),depending on the spatial distribution of EC's maximum deepening rate of central sea level pressure(SLP).According to the magnitude of maximum deepening rate,the trend of EC numbers basically decrease with the increase of EC's maximum deepening rate over the North Atlantic during the whole time period.Over the North Atlantic basin,for monthly statistics,the NEA,NCA,and NWA cyclones occur mainly in December,from December to March,and from January to February,respectively.NWA,NCA and NEA cyclones in winter are associated with low-level baroclinicity,both low-level baroclinicity and upper-level forcing and upper-level forcing,respectively.According to monthly variation,the averaged maximum deepening rate of central SLP firstly increases and then decreases from July to June.Overall,the distribution of ECs' tracks is basically in the southwest-northeast direction.During winter circulation stage(from October to May),the averaged maximum deepening rate of central SLP and the averaged minimum central SLP of ECs decrease,and the averaged explosive-deepening duration of ECs shortens from west to east over the North Atlantic basin.During summer circulation stage(from June to Septe

关 键 词：the North Atlantic explosive cyclone spatial distribution seasonal variation 

分 类 号：P732[天文地球—海洋科学]