施钾调控烟草根系酚酸的释放及其防控青枯病研究  

Regulation on Control of Tobacco Bacterial Wilt and Phenolic Acid Release from Tobacco Roots by Application of Potassium Fertilizer

作　　者：陈娜[1,2] 高翔 涂攀峰[4] 邓兰生[4] CHEN Na;GAO Xiang;TU Pan-feng(Guizhou Radio ＆ TV University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025;Guizhou Vocational Technology Institute,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricul-tural Sciences,Beijing 100081;The College of Natural Resom~es and Envilvnmental,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510642)

机构地区：[1]贵州广播电视大学,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州职业技术学院,贵州贵阳550025 [3]中国农业科学院农业区划与农业资源研究所,北京100081 [4]华南农业大学资源与环境学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2018年第23期118-120,135,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：农业公益性行业科研专项(201103003);贵州广播电视大学科学研究青年课题(2016QN03)

摘　　要：[目的]对施钾调控烟草根系酚酸的释放及其防控青枯病进行研究。[方法]通过田间试验研究施用不同量的钾肥对烟草青枯病的防控效果,同时测定根系分泌物中的酚酸种类和含量,及其对烟草青枯病病原菌(Ralstonia solanacearum)的抑制作用。[结果]当田间施用150 kg/hm2的钾肥时,烟草青枯病发病率和病情指数最低,根际土壤中青枯病病原菌的数量最少,为5.6 log CFU/g,而无钾肥处理的发病程度最高。同时,测定烟草根系分泌物中的酚酸发现,150 kg/hm2处理的肉桂酸、水杨酸和苯丙酸释放量最高。外源添加酚酸对青枯病病原菌的生长结果表明,低浓度促进了菌丝生长,当浓度达600 mg/L时则表现为抑制作用。此外,在田间中施钾肥显著提高了烟草的生物量、钾浓度和总酚含量。[结论]施用150 kg/hm2钾肥时,能在农业上有效地防控烟草青枯病,其根系分泌物中的酚酸能显著抑制致病菌的生长。[Objective]To study the regulation on control of tobacco bacterial wilt and phenolic acid release from tobacco roots by application of potassium fertilizer.[Method]The effect of different amount of potassium fertilizer on tobacco bacterial wilt was studied by field experiments,and the inhibitory effect of the pathogen of Ralstonia solanacearum on phenolic acids from root exudates was determined. [Result]When the application of potassium fertilizer was 150 kg/hm^2 in field trial,the incidence and index of tobacco bacterial wilt were the lowest,the number of R. solanacearum in rhizosphere soil was least,which was 5.6 log CFU/g,but no potassium treatment was the worst. Meanwhile,analysis of phenolic acids showed that the 150 kg/hm^2 treatment had the highest amount of cinnamic acid,salicylic acid and phenylpropionic acid from tobacco root exudates. Exogenous phenolic acids added to affect the growth on the pathogen of R. solanacearum showed that low concentration promoted the growth,and the inhibitory effect was achieved when the concentration reached 600 mg/L. In addition,potassium application were significantly increased tobacco biomass,potassium concentration and total phenol content in field trial. [Conclusion]The application of 150 kg/hm^2 potassium fertilizer could effectively control tobacco bacterial wilt in field trial,and the phenolic acids from root exudates could significantly inhibit the growth of R. solanacearum.

关 键 词：烟草青枯病 钾肥 发病率 酚酸 

分 类 号：S435.72[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]