种植密度对蔓性千斤拔种子产量和农艺性状的影响  

Effect of Different Planting Density on the Seed Yield and Agronomic Characteristics of the Flemingia philippinensis

作　　者：李小勇 夏祥华[3] 黄丹娜[3] 蒋臻韬 韦荣昌[3] LI Xiaoyong;XIAXianghua;HUANG Danna;JIANG Zhentao;WEI Rongchang(Collage ＆ Food and Biological Engineering,Hezhou University,Hezhou,Guangxi 542899,China;Guan/xi Highland of Talent for Preservation and Deep Processing Research in Fruits and Vegetables,Hezhou,Guangxi 542889,China;Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Medical Plant Garden,Nanning,Guangxi 530023,China;Baike Agricultural Technology Co.Ltd.Of Guilin,Guilin,Guangxi 541004,China)

机构地区：[1]贺州学院食品与生物工程学院,广西贺州542899 [2]广西果蔬保鲜和深加工研究人才小高地,贺州542899 [3]广西壮族自治区药用植物园,南宁530023 [4]桂林百科农业技术有限公司,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《作物研究》2018年第4期323-327,共5页Crop Research

基　　金：广西科学研究与技术开发计划项目(桂科重1598005-14);国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAI01B04)

摘　　要：以蔓性千斤拔为试验材料,比较了4种种植密度对其种子产量和农艺性状的影响。结果表明,种子产量均随着种植密度的增加而提高,其中株行距7 cm×(25 cm+40 cm)的种子产量最高,为1600.5 kg/hm^2,比株行距13 cm×(25 cm+40 cm)、10 cm×(25 cm+40 cm)、10 cm×(20 cm+40 cm)处理分别显著增加了23.5%、15.8%和11.7%,但其单株粒数、果荚数和粒重显著下降;株高和结荚高度随种植密度的增加而显著提高,而分枝数随种植密度的增加而减少,主茎节数和第一结荚节位受种植密度的影响较少。相关分析表明,单株种子产量与株高、结荚高度和第一结荚节位均呈显著或极显著的负相关(R=-0.8366**,R=-0.7139^(**)和R=-0.5230~*),与分枝数表现出显著正相关(R=0.5261~*)。通径分析表明,各农艺性状对单株种子产量的直接作用大小为:株高>主茎节数>结荚高度>第一结荚节位>分枝数,其中株高对单株种子产量有显著的负效应,其贡献率最大为0.5855。The field experiment was conducted for the comparison of the differences in the seed yields and agronomic characteristics of the Flemingia variety among four different planting densities. The results showed that the seed yield of Flemingia philippinensis significantly increased with the increasing of the planting density. In this experiment,the highest seed yield was 1600. 5 kg/hm^2 which appeared in the highest density treatment D4 with a density of 1143,000 plants/hm^2. It outyielded the treatments of D1,D2 and D3 by 23. 5%,15. 8% and 11. 7%,respectively. However,both of the grain number per plant and the grain weight per plant as well as the pod number per plant were lower in D4 treatment. This indicated that the yield advantage mainly came from the effect of high plant population. For agronomic characteristics,the results showed that both the plant height and the podded height of Flemingia philippinensis increased with the increase of planting density. However,the number of branches decreased obviously. And the number of nods in main stem and the node of the lowest pod were not affected by planting density. The analysis of correlation indicated that the plant height,the height of the lowest pod and the node of the lowest pod of Flemingia philippinensis had highly negative relationship with the seedyield of the plant with a correlation coefficient of -0. 8366＊＊,-0. 7139＊＊and-0. 5230＊,respectively. However,the correlationship between the seed yield and the number of branches was obviously positive with a correlation coefficient of 0. 5261＊. The result of path analysis indicated further that the order of direct action of agronomic traits to the seed yield per plant in Flemingia philippinensis was as： the plant height the number of nodes in main stem the height of the lowest pod the node of the lowest pod the number of branches. And the plant height produced a significant negative effect on seed yield per plant with a contribution of 0. 5855.

关 键 词：蔓性千斤拔 栽培 种植密度 种子产量 农艺性状 

分 类 号：S567.048[农业科学—中草药栽培]