高原地区生态用地分布变化与地形因子的关系研究——以河北坝上为例  

Study on Relationship between Terrain Factors and Spatial Distribution of Ecological Land in Plateau Area:Taking Bashang Plateau of Hebei Province as An Example

作　　者：武爱彬[1] 庞磊 WU Ai-bin;PANG Lei(Institute of Geographical Science,Hebei Academy of Science / Hebei Engineering and Technology Research Center tot Geographic Information Development and Application,Shijiazhuang 050011,China;Xinle Agricultural Machinery Supervision Station of Hebei Province,Xinle 050700,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省科学院地理科学研究所/河北省地理信息开发应用工程技术研究中心,河北石家庄050011 [2]河北省新乐市农机监理站,河北新乐050700

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2018年第8期101-105,共5页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：河北省自然科学青年基金项目(D2018302014);河北省社会科学基金项目(HB16YJ064);河北省科学院青年创新项目(2017016)

摘　　要：以坝上高原地区为研究对象,选取1990年和2015年Landsat TM影像的解译数据为数据源,应用地形分布指数,通过GIS等工具从高程、坡度和坡向角度,分析了生态用地变化的地形梯度特征。研究结果表明:该区生态用地的分布指数随高程的增加先减小后增大,随坡度的增加而增大,而在不同坡向间起伏程度较小;与1990年相比,2015年林地在高程900~1300 m区间的分布优势有了明显提高,草地在高程900~1300 m区间的分布比例出现了大幅度下降,湿地在半阳坡和阳坡的分布比例有了显著提高。总之,坝上高原地区生态用地的分布受地形因子影响显著,生态用地的优势分布区为高程900~1300 m或1500~2206 m、坡度>5°、坡向为半阳坡和阳坡的区域。According to the interpreted data from Landsat TM images of Bashang plateau of Hebei province in 1990 and2015,by using terrain distribution index,GIS and other tools,the author analyzed the terrain gradient characteristics of ecological land changes in this plateau area from the aspects of elevation,gradient,and exposure angle. The research results indicated that：the distribution index of ecological land in this area decreased first and then increased with the increase in elevation; it also increased with the increase in gradient; while its difference was relatively small among different exposures. In comparison with the distribution advantage of various ecological lands in 1990,the distribution advantage of forest land at 900 - 1300-m elevation in2015 was obviously improved,and that of grassland at 900 - 1300-m elevation was greatly reduced,while the distribution proportion of wetland in semi-sunny slope and sunny slope was significantly increased. In conclusion,the spatial distribution of ecological land in Bashang plateau area was significantly affected by terrain factors,and the dominant distribution regions of ecological land were the regions with the altitude of 900 - 1300 m or 1500 - 2206 m,with the gradient more than 5°,and with semi-sunny slope and sunny slope.

关 键 词：生态用地 地形因子 地形分布指数 坝上高原 

分 类 号：F301.24[经济管理—产业经济]