南方低山丘陵区油茶林地表径流特征研究  

Characteristics of surface runoff of Camellia oleifera in the hill country in southern China

作　　者：欧阳硕龙[1] 欧阳泽怡[2] 陈永忠[1] 李锡泉[1,3] 罗佳 OUYANG Shuolong;OUYANG Zeyi;CHEN Yongzhong;LI Xiquan(Hunan Academy of Forestry,Changsha 410004,China;Hunan Forest Botanical Garden,Changsha 410116,China;Hunan Cili Forest Ecosystem State Research Station,Cili 427200,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省林业科学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]湖南省森林植物园,湖南长沙410116 [3]湖南慈利森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,湖南慈利427200

出　　处：《湖南林业科技》2018年第3期1-4,共4页Hunan Forestry Science & Technology

基　　金：林业创新专项(XLK201469);国家重点研发计划重点专项项目(2017YFC0505506);湖南省重点研发计划(2017NK2223);省林业科技计划项目(XLKPT201710);2017年森林生态效益补偿公共管护项目"基于生态连清的慈利县公益林生态效益监测评价"

摘　　要：油茶是我国重要的木本油料植物,其生长需要从土壤中吸收水分和各种养分,土壤含水量影响油茶的挂果率、出油率,同时油茶的种植改变降水时空分配格局,对减少丘陵山区地表径流量、保持水土和涵养水源起到了一定的作用。本研究以湖南省7年生不同油茶林为研究对象,对不同林地的地表径流进行分析,结果表明:油茶林坡面径流量与降雨量变化一致,并且显著低于无林地坡面径流量,地表径流量表现为无林地>2号油茶林>1号油茶林。无林地坡面径流在150-43 000 ml之间,油茶林坡面径流量在150-7 700 ml之间,油茶的种植能够减少坡面径流量,对水源涵养功能起到一定贡献作用;1号油茶林坡面径流量小于2号油茶林的坡面径流量;油茶林坡面径流减少量占无林地径流量的60%~90%;油茶林水源涵养贡献率在0.02%~0.08%之间,并随降雨量的增加而增加。本研究可为当地的油茶种植及水源涵养林的营造提供一定的理论基础。Camellia oleifera is an important woody oil plant in China. Its growth needs to absorb water and various nutrients from the soil that affects the fruit rate and oil yield. Simultaneously,Camellia oleifera changed the temporal and spatial distribution pattern of precipitation,which played a good role in soil and water conservation in hilly and mountainous regions. The study was based on Camellia oleifera planted in Hunan Province for seven years. The results showed that the slope runoff of Camellia oleifera was consistent with the variation of rainfall,and it was significantly lower than the slope runoff of the non-forest land. The water conservation function of multi-laver Camellia oleifera was better than the pure Camellia oleifera and non-woodland. The slope runoff in the non-woodland was between 150 and 43000 ml,and the slope runoff of the Camellia oleifera was between 150 and 7700 ml. The number one was planted with Paspalum notatum,and the number two was pure forest. The slope runoff of the number one was lowerthan the number two. The water conservation capacity of Camellia oleifera was between 60% and 90% of the slope runoff in non-forest lands, and increased slightly with the increase of rainfall. The contribution rate of water conservation of Camellia oleifera was between 0. 02% - 0. 08%. This result provides a certain theoretical basis for the local Camellia oleifera cultivation and the establishment of water conservation forest.

关 键 词：油茶林 水源涵养贡献率 坡面径流量 

分 类 号：S715.3[农业科学—林学]