3-氯-2-羟丙基三烷基氯化铵阳离子醚化剂的合成与应用  

Research on the synthesis and application of 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrialkylammonium chloride as a quaternary ammonium cationic etherifying agents

作　　者：鲍金龙 郭云增 毛闻宇 赵晓 孙洁 赵强强 沈一峰[1,2] BAO Jinlong;GUO Yunzeng;MAO Wenyu;ZHAO Xiao;SUN Jie;ZHAO Qiangqiang;SHEN Yifeng(a.Engineering Research Center for Eco Dyeing ＆ Finishing of Textiles,Ministry of Education;1b.Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology,Ministry of Education,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,Chin;2.Zhejiang Province New Textile Research ＆.Development Key Laboratory,Aerospace Communications Holding Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 310014,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学生态染整技术教育部工程研究中心,杭州310018 [2]浙江理工大学先进纺织材料与制备技术教育部重点实验室,杭州310018 [3]航天通信控股集团股份有限公司浙江省新型纺织品研发重点实验室,杭州310011

出　　处：《浙江理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第5期539-544,共6页Journal of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(21606206);浙江省基础公益研究计划项目(LGG18B060001)

摘　　要：3-氯-2-羟丙基三烷基氯化铵(CHPTAC)是一类重要的阳离子改性试剂,在淀粉改性、棉纤维无盐染色等领域应用广泛。以含长烷基链的叔胺为原料,与环氧氯丙烷进行季铵化反应,合成了6种CHPTAC阳离子改性剂并将其应用于棉纤维的阳离子化改性,将为新型阳离子改性剂的开发与应用提供思路。优化的制备CHPTAC的工艺条件为:以水为溶剂,叔胺与环氧氯丙烷的摩尔比为1.0∶1.5,温度为30℃,滴加反应时间为10h,所得6种产物的收率均可达84%以上。实验结果表明:含长链烷基的叔胺盐酸盐与环氧氯丙烷反应时,叔胺较大的空间位阻会降低反应速率,导致收率减少;6种CHPTAC阳离子改性剂具有较好的改性效果,改性棉纤维的Zeta电位均可达到10.5mV以上,且对酸性染料的饱和吸附量也可达30mg/g。3 chloro 2 hydroxypropyltrialkylammonium chloride （CHPTAC） is an important cationic modification reagent, and is widely used in the starch modification and salt free fiber dyeingfield. Six CHPTAC cationic modification reagents were synthesized by taking tertiary amine containing long alkyl chain and applying quaterisation reaction with epoxychloropropane. Besides, they were applied for cationic modification of cotton fiber. This paper provided the thought for development and application of new cationic modification reagent. The optimized CHPTAC preparation conditions are as follows： water as the solvent, the molar ratio of tertiary amine to epoxy chloropropane 1.0 ： 1.5, reaction temperature 30 ~C, reaction time 10 h. The yield of six products could reach 84~. The results showed that, when tertiary amine hydrochloride containing long chain alkyl reacted with epoxy chloropropane, large spatial steric hindrance of tertiary amine would reduce the reaction speed, thus leading to the reduction of yield. The six CHPTAC modifying agents showed the good modification effect. Zeta potential of modified cotton fiber could reach 10.5 mV and the ratio of saturation capacity of acid dyes to adsorbing capacity could also reach 30 mg/g.

关 键 词：3-氯-2-羟丙基三烷基氯化铵 阳离子化改性 季铵化反应 吸附 

分 类 号：TS195.611[轻工技术与工程—纺织化学与染整工程]