长期递增负荷运动对大鼠胸腺上皮和胸腺激素表达的影响  

Effect of long-term incremental exercise on thymus epithelial and thymus hormone expression in rats

作　　者：任超学[1] 郝选明[2] 金艳平 REN Chaoxue;HAO Xuanming;JIN Yanping(Department of Health Sciences,Xi＇an University of Physical Education,Xi＇an,Shanxi,China 710068;College of Physical Education,South China Normal University,Guangzhou,Guangdong,China 51063])

机构地区：[1]西安体育学院健康科学系,陕西西安710068 [2]华南师范大学体育学院,广东广州510631

出　　处：《分子诊断与治疗杂志》2018年第4期268-273,共6页Journal of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapy

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金资助项目(9151063101000059);西安体育学院院管重点课题基金资助项目(2012ZD006);西安体育学院四个一流学科基金资助项目

摘　　要：目的探究6周递增负荷运动对大鼠胸腺组织中胸腺激素分泌的影响,并通过观察分泌胸腺激素的胸腺上皮细胞形态与结构的变化,探索运动影响胸腺激素分泌变化的原因。方法 8周龄雄性SD大鼠42只,随机分为对照组与运动组,对照组不进行任何运动干预,运动组则完成6周递增负荷运动。2组分别于第0、2、4、6周末取样,光学显微镜下观察胸腺上皮细胞变化并检测胸腺指数、胸腺素α1、胸腺生成素Ⅱ含量等。结果 2组胸腺指数均随训练时间推移而逐渐降低,但运动组下降的程度更为显著;对照组大鼠胸腺组织中胸腺素α1和胸腺生成素Ⅱ的含量未见显著变化,但运动组至第6周末显著低于运动前水平,且与对照组相比有显著性差异;对胸腺组织SABC染色镜下观察可见,对照组胸腺被膜下上皮细胞排列紧密,结构完整清晰,但运动组至第6周末胸腺上皮细胞排列松散,细胞间隙增大,结构破坏明显。结论长期运动可导致大鼠胸腺形态萎缩、胸腺上皮结构的完整性破坏,胸腺素α1和胸腺生成素Ⅱ分泌量减少。Objective To investigate the effect of 6-week incremental exercise on the secretion of thymus in rat thymus tissue,and to explore the causes of the effects of exercise on the secretion of thymic hormones by observing the changes in the morphology and structure of thymic hormone-secreting thymic epithelial cells. Methods 42 male sprague dawley rats aged 8 weeks were randomly divided into control group and exercise group. The control group had no exercise intervention. The exercise group completed 6 weeks of incremental load exercise. The 2 groups were sampled on the 0 th,2 nd,4 th and 6 th weekends respectively. The changes of thymic epithelial cells were observed under light microscope and the thymus index,thymosin α1,and thymopoietin Ⅱ were detected. Results The thymus index of both groups gradually decreased with the training time,but the degree of decline in the exercise group was more significant. The content of thymosin α1 and thymopoietin Ⅱ in the thymus of the control group rats,no significant changes were observed,but the exercise group was significantly lower than the pre-exercise level at the 6 th weekend of exercise,and there was a significant difference from the control group. The strept avidinbiontin complex（SABC）staining of the thymus tissue under the microscope showed that the thymus epithelial cells in the control group were tightly arranged and the structure was clear and complete. However,the thymus epithelial cells in the exercise group were loosely arranged until the 6 th weekend,and the intercellular space was enlarged and the structure was significantly damaged. Conclusion Long-term exercise can lead to morphological atrophy of the thymus,destruction of the integrity of the thymic epithelial structure,and decreased secretion of thymosin α1 and thymopoietin Ⅱ in rats.

关 键 词：递增负荷运动 免疫 运动性免疫抑制 胸腺 胸腺上皮细胞 胸腺激素 

分 类 号：R87[医药卫生—运动医学]