日粮中添加稻壳粉对雏火鸡免疫性能、血清生化和激素指标及肠道组织结构的影响  

Effect of rice husk powder added to diet on immunity performance, serum biochemical and hormone indexes and intestinal tissue structure of young turkeys

作　　者：代航[1] 鲁曼 杨海明[1,3] 王志跃[1,3] 郁钧[1] 鞠耿越 廖正军[2] DAI Hang;LU Man;YANG Haiming;WANG Zhiyue;YU Jun;JU Gengyue;LIAO Zhengjun(College of Animal Science and Technology,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou,Jiangsu Province 225009,China;Ministry of Education Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Agriculture and Agricultural Product Safety,Yangzhou,Jiangsu Province 225009,China;Jianhu County Tianhe ecological agriculture cooperatives,Jianhu,Jiangsu Province 224752,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学动物科学与技术学院,江苏扬州225009 [2]建湖县天和生态农业专业合作社,江苏建湖224752 [3]教育部农业与农产品安全国际合作联合实验室,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《中国饲料》2018年第15期36-40,共5页China Feed

基　　金：江苏省高校优势学科建设工程资助项目

摘　　要：为研究饲粮中添加稻壳粉对雏火鸡血清生化指标、免疫性能、激素水平及肠道结构影响,选取体重接近的1日龄贝蒂娜雏火鸡100只,随机分成2组,每组5个重复,每个重复10只,公母各半。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组饲喂添加稻壳粉的饲粮,试验期为8周。结果表明:试验组与对照组相比,试验组血清中碱性磷酸酶、钙和磷的含量分别降低4.09%、1.74%和3.26%(P>0.05),试验组血清中总胆固醇和甘油三酯含量分别增加2.25%和2.27%(P>0.05)。血清中总蛋白、白蛋白和球蛋白含量分别降低1.68%、1.37%和1.42%(P>0.05)。试验组与对照组相比,试验组脾脏重、胸腺重和法氏囊重分别增加36.08%、28.48%和25.17%(P<0.05),脾脏指数和法氏囊指数分别提高4.46%和4.97%(P>0.05),胸腺指数降低1.32%(P>0.05)。试验组与对照组相比,试验组血清胰岛素和生长激素水平分别增加3.78%(P>0.05)和11.97%(P=0.067),血清胰岛素样生长因子水平降低0.78%(P>0.05)。在雏火鸡日粮中添加稻壳粉,试验组与对照组相比,试验组十二指肠的绒毛高度、绒毛高度/隐窝深度的比值(V/C)和肌层厚度分别增加23.34%、44.54%和33.26%(P<0.05),隐窝深度减少15.66%(P<0.05),绒毛宽度增加31.54%(P=0.053)。试验组和对照组相比,试验组空肠的绒毛高度和肌层厚度分别增加26.07%和23.43%(P<0.05),绒毛宽度增加5.77%(P>0.05),隐窝深度减少15.41%(P<0.05),V/C增加41.10%(P<0.01)。试验组和对照组相比,试验组回肠的绒毛高度和隐窝深度分别减少2.17%和11.69%(P>0.05),绒毛宽度和V/C分别增加10.03%和11.07%(P>0.05),肌层厚度增加12.04%(P<0.05)。综上所述,在雏火鸡日粮中添加稻壳粉,对雏火鸡的血清生化指标没有显著的影响,能促进免疫器官的生长发育,提高免疫性能、血清中胰岛素和生长激素水平,显著改善小肠肠道结构,增强消化吸收能力,促进雏火鸡的生长发育。The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of adding rice husk powder to diets on serum biochemical parameters,immune performance,hormone levels,and intestinal structure of young turkeys.One hundred 1 day-old Bettina young turkeys with similar body weight were randomly divided into 2 groups.Each group had 5 replicates,each with 10 replicates.The control group was fed basal diet,and the experimental group was fed diet supplemented with rice hull flour for a test period of 8 weeks.The results showed that the content of alkaline phosphatase,calcium,and phosphorus in the test group decreased by 4.09%,1.74% and3.26% compared with the control group（P 〉 0.05）.Serum total cholesterol and triglyceride levels increased by2.25% and 2.27%（P 〉 0.05）.Compared with the control group,the total protein,albumin,and globulin contents in the test group decreased by 1.68%,1.37% and 1.42%,respectively（P 〉 0.05）.Compared with the control group,the spleen weight,thymus weight,and bursa weight in the test group increased by 36.08%,28.48% and25.17%,respectively（P 〈 0.05）.The spleen index and bursa index increased by 4.46% and 4.97% in the test group（P 〉 0.05）,the thymus index decreased 1.32% in the experimental group（P 〉 0.05）.Compared with the control group,serum insulin and growth hormone levels in the experimental group increased by 3.78%（P 〉0.05） and 11.97%（P = 0.067）,respectively.The level of growth factors was decreased by 0.78%（P 〉 0.05）.Compared with the control group,the villus height,ratio of villus height/crypt depth（V/C）,and muscle thickness of the duodenum of the test group increased by 23.34%,44.54% and 33.26%（P 〈 0.05）,crypt depth decreased by 15.66%（P 〈 0.05）,and villus width increased by 31.54%（P =0.053）.Compared with the control group,the villus height and muscle thickness of the test group increased by 26.07% and 23.43%（P 〈 0.05）,the width of the villus increased by 5.77%（P 〉 0.05）,and the crypt depth decreased by 15.41%（

关 键 词：雏火鸡 稻壳粉 血清生化指标 免疫性能 激素 肠道结构 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]