长江南京河段河床纵向冲刷深度厘定方法剖析  

Analysis on the determined method of erosive depth alongriverbed at Nanjing reach on the Yangtze River

作　　者：邵景林[1] 吴忠良[2] 谢秀芹[3] 徐彦红[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油天然气管道工程有限公司,河北廊坊065000 [2]中国石油管道公司商务处,河北廊坊065000 [3]河北省廊坊市水利局,廊坊065000

出　　处：《水文地质工程地质》2002年第5期37-39,42,共4页Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology

摘　　要：长江属于特大型河流 ,其河床纵向冲刷深度影响到穿、跨越长江工程的方案设计与施工方法确定。本文通过几个对长江南京河段河床纵向冲刷深度厘定结果的对比分析 ,剖析了这几种厘定方法的适应性。长江多年非汛期水下地形图测量结果 ,实际反映的是河道多年冲淤动态趋势 ,不能代表洪水期大洪水对河床的冲刷作用 ,这种冲刷深度不能正确反映其河床纵向冲刷深度 ;汛期实测的纵向冲刷深度 ,有时包含着深槽与浅滩相互转化过程的假象 ,不能依此为根据而同其它断面进行纵向冲刷深度类比 ;动床河工模型试验被公认为可以解决这一难题 ,但也受到试验过程中诸如边界假定、相似性取值 (即相似比尺 )的影响 ,各家试验结果有所不同 ,再者 ,由于动床河工模型试验周期较长 ,对于时间紧迫的工程决策 ,往往难以采用 。Because of the length and scale of the Yangtze River, its erosive depth along the riverbed has an influence upon the plan and construction of the engineering across the river. The results based on many years underwater topographic survey at non-overflow stages can't correctly reflect the erosive depth along riverbed. The erosive depth along riverbed measured at high-water seasons sometimes includes the false appearance of the mutual exchanging process of deep-troughs and shallows. Therefore, it can't be used to compare with the erosive depth at other sections. Although the generally accepted dynamic bed river engineering model experiment can solve the problem, it is still affected by boundary determination and similarity scale in the experimental process, so the results given by different authors have some difference. In addition, the model experiment always needs a relatively long period, and it can't solve the task for the engineering planning on time. Based on the above, engineering geological analysis method can play the role in determining the erosive depth along riverbed.

关 键 词：纵向冲刷 厘定方法 冲刷深度 长江 河床 地形图 洪水 

分 类 号：TV147[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]