GNSS测距三角高程法精密跨河水准测量  

Accuracy Analysis and Its Improvement of Cross-River Precise GNSS Trigonometric Leveling

作　　者：陈长波[1] 朱紫阳[1] 王英谋 何宗友[1] CHEN Changbo;ZHU Ziyang;WANG Yingmou;HE Zongyou(Institute of Lands and Resource Surveying and Mapping of Guangdong Province,Guangzhou 510500,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省国土资源测绘院,广东广州510500

出　　处：《测绘与空间地理信息》2018年第8期59-62,67,共5页Geomatics & Spatial Information Technology

基　　金：广东省国土资源科技专项(GDGTKJ2016001);广东省2015年度基础测绘计划项目(粤国土资测绘函(2015)1352号)资助

摘　　要：在研究了测距三角高程法原理的基础上,分析了测距三角高程法的对向观测高差精度估算方法,有针对性地提出了提高精度的措施,并将其应用于近期开展的珠江三角洲区域二等跨河水准测量。结果表明,垂直角、垂线偏差、大气折光是影响高差精度的主要因素,为提高高差测量精度,建议采用高精度全站仪或经纬仪测定垂直角,并进行同步对向观测削弱大气折光的影响;另外,采用大地四边形观测使得对向观测高差精度提高一倍,大地四边形同一时段各条边高差闭合差、每条边各单测回高差互差都能符合要求。The paper analyzed the theory and precision influencing factors of trigonometric leveling method. And put forward the measures to improve observation accuracy. The measures were applied in the recent development of Pearl River Delta three two river crossing leveling. The results show that the vertical angle,vertical deviation,atmospheric refraction is the main factor affecting the accuracy of elevation difference. In order to improve the measurement accuracy,the paper proposed the vertical angle is measured with a high precision total station or a theodolite and atmospheric refraction is weakened by Synchronous observation; In addition,Synchronous observation accuracy can be double increased using the earth quadrilateral observation. Experiments show that the height difference and height differences between each test back of the earth quadrilateral’s four sides belonging the same time period meted the requirements.

关 键 词：跨河水准测量 GNSS测距三角高程法 对向观测 精度 

分 类 号：P229.2[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]