高轨目标监视系统星座设计和探测效能分析  

Constellation Design and Detection Efficiency Analysis of High Orbit Objects Surveillance System

作　　者：张科科[1,2,3] 朱振才 周美江[2] 胡海鹰 陈宏宇 ZHANG Ke-ke;ZHU Zhen-cai;ZHOU Mei-jiang;HU Hai-ying;CHEN Hong-yu(Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Infomlation Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200050,China;Shanghai Engineering Center for Microsatellites,Shanghai 201203,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所,上海200050 [2]上海微小卫星工程中心,上海201203 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《宇航学报》2018年第7期808-818,共11页Journal of Astronautics

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(2015AA7088059);中国科学院国防科技创新基金(CXJJ-15S085)

摘　　要：针对高轨目标编目与成像的应用需求,提出一种运行于亚同步轨道、兼具对同步带目标远距离探测编目和近距离成像侦察的高轨天基星座。根据同步带目标探测编目要求,推导和分析了星座的轨道部署和光学相机扫描方式对目标探测效能的影响,确定了顺行轨道的双星星座可行解更多,综合探测效能更高。设计了一种符合顺光观测约束的姿态导引律,结合可行解中选取一组解进行仿真,结果表明:在夏至和秋分两种工况下,采用顺行轨道的双星星座,可对轨道倾角不大于相机半视场的所有同步带目标进行无缝遍历,且每天的探测次数不小于4次,观测弧长不小于1分钟,与理论推导一致。According to the cataloging and imaging applications for high orbit objects,a space-based constellation running in sub-geosynchronous orbits is presented in this paper,which has the function of both cataloging and imaging. To meet the synchronization belt object detection cataloging requirements,the influence of the constellation orbit deployment and optical payload scanning mode on the detection efficiency is analyzed and deduced,and there are more feasible solutions for the constellation composed of two prograde orbit satellites with higher comprehensive efficiency. An attitude guidance law meeting the detection requirements is proposed and applied to one solution taken from the feasible solutions.The simulation results show that the constellation composed of two prograde orbit satellites can traverse seamlessly all the geosynchronous Earth orbit objects whose inclination are not more than the semifield angle of the optical payload in both summer solstice and autumnal equinox,the detections are not less than 4 times and the observation arc length is not less than 1 minute,and the conclusion agrees with the theoretical analysis.

关 键 词：高轨目标监视 探测效能 轨道部署 扫描方式 遍历时间 观测弧长 

分 类 号：V412.4[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]