水分对于便携式X射线荧光光谱仪测定土壤中元素含量的影响  

Influence of water content on the determination of elements in soil by portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometry

作　　者：赵霞 郑景明[1] 司莉青 孙海龙 王靖 ZHAO Xia;ZHENG Jing-ming;SI Li-qing;SUN Hai-long;WANG Jing(Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Shanghai Zeal Quest Equipments,Shanghai 200030,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学,北京100083 [2]上海泽权仪器设备有限公司,上海200030

出　　处：《冶金分析》2018年第7期20-26,共7页Metallurgical Analysis

基　　金：北京城市污水处理厂污泥与园林绿化剩余物协同利用关键技术研发与示范项目(Z151100002115006)

摘　　要：便携式X射线荧光光谱法(PXRF)是测定土壤中元素含量的一种方法,但由于土壤中的水分含量会影响采用该方法的测试结果,因此需要对土壤中水分的影响进行实证研究。实验采用便携式X射线荧光光谱仪(PXRF)对不同含水量的土壤样品中有益元素(K、Ca、Fe、Mn)和有害元素(Cr、Ni、Zn、Pb、Cu)进行测试,探讨水分对于测试结果的影响,并将结果与电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)结果作比较。结果表明,PXRF对于不同元素的敏感性不同,对于土壤样品中含量较大的K、Ca、Fe、Mn元素来说,样品中水分含量越大,元素含量的PXRF检测结果越小,且水分对于这几种元素的PXRF检测结果存在显著性影响,在含水量分别不超过0、0.20、0.10、0.10mL/g时,PXRF检测结果与ICP-AES测试值之间无显著差异;对于Cr、Ni、Zn、Pb、Cu几种含量较低的元素,PXRF检测结果受水分影响相对较小,表现为先下降后基本不变,其中Cr、Zn、Pb元素检测结果在含水量分别不超过0.20、0、0.10mL/g时,PXRF检测值与ICP-AES结果无显著差异;Cu元素的ICP-AES结果显著高于所有的PXRF测试值,且在含水量为0~0.10mL/g之间,PXRF检测值无显著差异,之后显著下降,但受水分的影响不再显著;Ni元素含量的PXRF检测结果基本不受水分的影响,但含水量在0~0.15mL/g时,Ni元素的PXRF检测值显著高于ICP-AES结果。因此采用便携式X射线荧光光谱仪进行土壤中重金属的现场快速测定时,应注意土壤的水分条件。The portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometry（PXRF）is one of methods for the determination of elemental content in soil.However,the determination results can be affected by the water content in soil.Therefore,the empirical study about the influence of water content in soil should be conducted.The beneficial elements（K,Ca,Fe and Mn）and harmful elements（Cr,Ni,Zn,Pb and Cu）in soil samples with different water contents were analyzed using portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer（PXRF）.The influence of water content on determination results was discussed.The results were compared to those obtained by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry（ICP-AES）.It was found that PXRF had different sensitivities to different elements.For the elements with high content in soil sample such as K,Ca,Fe and Mn,the measured results of elemental content by PXRF decreased with the increase of water content in soil.Moreover,the water content showed significant influence on the measured results by PXRF.When the water content was not higher than 0,0.20,0.10 and 0.10 mL/g,there was no significant difference between the analysis results by PXRF and ICP-AES,respectively.For the elements with relatively low content in soil such as Cr,Ni,Zn,Pb and Cu,the analysis results of PXRF was slightly affected by the water content.The analysis results firstly decreased and then were almost changeless with increasing water content in soil.When the water content was not higher than 0.20,0 and 0.10 mL/g,the analysis results of Cr,Zn and Pb had no significant difference between PXRF and ICP-AES,respectively.For Cu,all ICP-AES results were much higher than PXRF results.When the water content was in range of 0-0.10 mL/g,there was no significant difference for analysis results by PXRF.After that,the analysis results greatly decreased,but the influence of water content was not significant any more.The PXRF results of Ni were basically not affected by the water content.But they were much higher than the ICP-AES results when the wat

关 键 词：便携式X射线荧光光谱(PXRF) 土壤 水分 金属含量 

分 类 号：O657.34[理学—分析化学] X833[理学—化学]