汽车门框上条拉弯分析及截面变形评价方法  

Analytical Methods for Stretch and Bending Deformation of Car Door Sash and Evaluation of Cross Section Shape

作　　者：陆爱江 杨沁玉 万里翔[1] 刘杰[1] 李志超 谭孟 尤黎民 上官文斌[2] WAN Lixiang;LIU Jie;LI Zhichao;TAN Meng;YOU Limin;SHANGGUAN Wenbin(School of Mechanical Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,Siehuan,China;School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510640,Guangdong,China;Ningbo Hongxie Automotive Parts Co.,Ltd.,Ningbo 315822,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学机械工程学院,四川成都610031 [2]华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院,广东广州510640 [3]宁波宏协承汽车部件有限公司,浙江宁波315822

出　　处：《华南理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第4期16-21,28,共7页Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(11472107)

摘　　要：汽车门框上条是变曲率的三维拉弯成形件,若门框上条设计不合理,拉弯成形过程中零件曲率较大处易发生严重变形,影响汽车门框密封性,甚至导致密封条和尼槽无法装配.为了在产品开发前预测门框上条拉弯截面变形情况,缩短开发周期,降低设计成本,本研究基于ABAQUS有限元软件,在拉弯成形回弹后的基础上,预测了门框上条的截面变形情况,并提出加权均方误差(WMSE)的方法,来评估拉弯件整个截面的变形情况.最后将该方法应用于某款乘用车门框上条6种设计方案的择优选型.结果表明:仿真预测的截面变形与实验吻合较好;门框上条的弯曲角度对截面变形量影响较大,弯曲角度越小,变形量越不明显.The door sash of a car is a three dimensional tube with complex cross section and has variable curvatmes at different sections, and it is manufactued by stretching and bending forming. One index for evaluating properties of a door sash is the defomlation of its cross section after stretching and bending rotating. If the deformation is too big, the seal performance of a door is decreased, and makes it diificuh to install the rubber gasket of a door. To pledict deformations of the cross section of door sash and to shorten development period as well as to reduce design costs, a finite element analysis （FEA） model for estimating deformation of the cross section is proposed in this pa- per after stletching and bending rotating and spring-back, and a measre for evaluating cross section distortion is presented. Taking one door sash as studying example, cross section distortions are calculated by using the proposed FEA model and the estimated results are compared with experiments. The comparison validates the proposed model and analytical methods developed in this paper. The methods for simulating cross section distortions of a door sash are instructive to help designer to choose sizes of a door sash and processing parameters for stretching and bending. The cross-section deformations in the simulation were found to match well with the experimental results. The simu- lation results of six other car door sash designs show that influence of the bend angle on the cross-section deforma- tion was found to be more remarkable than any other factors. Overall, the smaller the bending angle is, the less ap- parent the cross-section deformation will be.

关 键 词：门框上条 拉弯 回弹 有限元分析 截面变形 评价方法 

分 类 号：U463.83[机械工程—车辆工程]