应用SPC分析蛋白质原料配料保真加工现状及误差产生原因  

Analysis of the Status of Protein Feedstuffs Batching Fidelity by Statistical Process Control and the Causes of Batching Error

作　　者：陶琳丽[1] 高婷婷[2] 高映红 杨秀娟[1] 黄伟[1] 李晓珍 甘文斌 张曦[1] 徐祖林[2] GAO Tingting;GAO Yinghong;YANG Xiujuan;HUANG LI Xiaozhen;GAN WenbinS;ZHANG Xi;XU Zulin(Yunnan Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed,Faculty of Animal Science and Technology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;Division of Grassland Mountain and Feed,Department of Agriculture of Yunnan Province Kunming 650224,China;Kunming Yunling-Grand Breeder Poultry Feed Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 650215,China;Yunnan Xiernan Feed Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 650216,China;Yunnan Veterinary Medicine and Forage Inspection Institution,Kunming 650201,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学动物科学技术学院云南省动物营养与饲料重点实验室,昆明650201 [2]云南省农业厅草山饲料处,昆明650224 [3]昆明云岭广大种禽饲料有限公司,昆明650215 [4]云南西尔南饲料有限公司,昆明650216 [5]云南省兽药饲料检测所,昆明650201

出　　处：《中国畜牧兽医》2018年第7期1813-1823,共11页China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项"高原优质肉鸡产业工程化技术研发集成与示范推广"(2016ZA008);云南省现代农业产业技术体系建设项目"云南省禽蛋产业技术体系建设"(2017KJTX0017)

摘　　要：试验应用统计过程控制(SPC)分析饲料生产中蛋白质原料配料保真现状,并对配料误差存在原因进行探讨,旨在为饲料企业配料质量管理提供借鉴。收集两家饲料厂(饲料厂A、B)2015年仔猪料中豆粕、鱼粉和膨化大豆3种蛋白质原料的配料设定值和实际称量值,应用单值—移动极差控制图和生产过程能力评价方法对蛋白质原料的配料保真现状进行分析。结果显示,饲料厂A豆粕、鱼粉和膨化大豆生产过程能力指数CPK分别为0.20、0.11和0.01,膨化大豆的配料保真度最差,且3种原料的配料实际称量值远高于设定值;饲料厂B豆粕、鱼粉和膨化大豆生产过程能力指数CPK分别为0.24、0.12和0.24,鱼粉的配料保真度最差,膨化大豆的配料过程存在失控情况;两家饲料厂的蛋白质原料配料误差均超过了饲料行业动态配料精度±0.3%FS的要求,配方保真性较差,需采取措施进行改进。综合分析两家饲料厂配方保真性差的原因是,配料秤工艺参数配置不合理,空中落料量和快慢进料量参数需进一步优化,饲料厂B存在人为操作错误。结果提示,应用SPC方法可较为直观的监控饲料配料过程,提升蛋白质原料的配料精度,减少蛋白质原料的浪费,降低饲料生产成本,从而提高饲料厂配料质量管理水平。The study was aimed to analyze the status of batching fidelity of protein feedstuffs by statistical process control（SPC）and the causes of batching error,in order to offer references for the quality management of batching process in feed mill.Batching preset values and actual bacth-ing values of three protein feedstuffs including soybean meal,fish meal and extruded soybean of piglet feed from two feed mills（A and B）in 2015 were used as the research data,and the status of batching fidelity was analyzed by individual and moving range control charts（X-MR）and process capability method.The results showed that for feed mill A,process capability index（CPk）of soybean meal,fish meal and extruded soybean were 0.20,0.11 and 0.01,respectively,and the feed batching fidelity of extruded soybean was the worst;Batching values of three protein feedstuffs were much higher than preset values.For feed mill B,the CPkof soybean meal,fish meal and extruded soybean were 0.24,0.12 and 0.24,respectively.The feed batching fidelity of fish meal was the worst,and the batching process of extruded soybean had out of control situation.The batching errors of protein feedstuffs exceeded the demands of±0.3% FS,indicating that the batching fidelity of protein feedstuffs of two feed mills was low.The reasons of low batching fidelity were the technology parameters of batching scale in two feed mills were unreasonable.The parameters of air dropping values and inlet amount should be improved,and there were operational mistakes in feed mill B.In conclusion,using SPC could visually monitor the feed batching process,improve batching accuracy of protein feedstuffs,reduce waste of protein feedstuffs and feed processing cost,so improve quality management level of feed mills.

关 键 词：饲料 配料保真 动态配料精度 单值—移动极差控制图 过程能力指数 

分 类 号：S816.34[农业科学—饲料科学]