莱州湾南岸海水入侵变化趋势及成因分析  

The trend and influencing factors of seawater intrusion in the south coast of the Laizhou Bay

作　　者：刘莹[1,2] 姜锡仁 王兴[1,2] 李保磊 姜欢欢[1] LIU Ying;JIANG Xi-ren;WANG Xing;LI Bao-lei;JIANG Huan-huan(North China Sea Environmental Monitoring Center,State Oceanic Administration,Qingdao 266033,China;Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environment ＆ Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Qingdao 266033,China)

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局北海环境监测中心,山东青岛266033 [2]山东省海洋生态环境与防灾减灾重点实验室,山东青岛266033

出　　处：《海洋科学》2018年第2期108-117,共10页Marine Sciences

基　　金：2016年北海分局海洋科技项目(2016B06)~~

摘　　要：为了探讨滨海经济快速发展形势下莱州湾南岸海水入侵范围变化及其控制因素,利用2011—2015年4月份(枯水期)莱州湾南岸地下水潜水层TDS(可溶性固体总量)、Cl–质量浓度连续监测数据,结合历史资料,分析莱州湾南岸海水入侵分布特征。结果表明,近5年来研究区地下水Cl–质量浓度均值为13.4 g/L,呈由岸向内陆快速减小趋势;研究区海水入侵呈带状分布,2015年入侵线向内陆伸入超过45 km,入侵范围较1980年向陆扩张约11~30 km。通过对比分析得出,研究区年均降雨量、地下水位埋深及地下水超采面积与海水入侵面积呈显著线性相关,发现持续干旱气候、地下淡水超采是导致海水入侵扩张的主要因素,卤水开发、海水养殖及莱州湾沿岸河流拦蓄工程进一步导致海水入侵的加剧。This study aims to determine the extent and influencing factors of seawater intrusion in the coastal aquifer of the southern Laizhou Bay. In the recent five years, 15 groundwater samples per year were collected every April and analyzed for total dissolved solids （TDS） and Cl– content. The results show that the average Cl– concentration is 13.4 g/L, which rapidly decreases toward the mainland. According to historical data and Kriging interpo-lation calculation by logarithmic transformation, the salinization of the aquifer exceeded 45 km toward the mainland in 2015 and has expanded almost 30 km inland since 1980. In the comparative analysis, the annual rainfall, groundwater depth, and over extraction of groundwater show significant linear correlation with the seawater intrusion area. The seawater intrusion was mainly aggravated by the continual dry weather and over extraction of groundwater, and was further intensified by the unplanned salt production, aquaculture, and river reservoir.

关 键 词：莱州湾 海水入侵 降雨量 地下水超采 

分 类 号：P641[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]