改良富血小板血浆复合纳米材料修复颌骨贯穿性缺损  

Mandibular defect repair by modified platelet-rich plasma combined with nanomaterials

作　　者：谢利娜[1] 赵波[1] 陈苑[1] 景向东[1] Xie Li-na;Zhao Bo;Chen Yuan;Jing Xiang-dong(Department of Stomatology,First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine,Guangzhou 510405,Guangdong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]广州中医药大学第一附属医院口腔科,广东省广州市510405

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2018年第22期3513-3519,共7页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：广东省医学科研基金(A2016551);广州中医药大学青年人才培优项目~~

摘　　要：背景:借助骨组织工程学的研究思路,把骨膜组织中骨原细胞等作为"种子细胞",附加上纳米支架材料及生长因子,修复骨缺损。目的:通过检测血小板含量证实二次离心法改良制备富血小板血浆的可行性,比较不同材料在不同时期的成骨效果,探索以自体骨膜、自体活性因子附加材料修复骨缺损的新途径。方法:18只新西兰大白兔随机分为空白组、单纯材料组、活性材料组,每组6只。活性材料组兔子造模前1 d取血,制备富血小板血浆,复合n HAC/BMPs活性材料。制备新西兰大白兔右侧下颌骨体部贯穿性矩形骨缺损模型,空白组不植入材料,材料组缺损区添加单纯材料,活性材料组缺损内植入n HAC/BMPs/富血小板血浆,造模后4,8,12周分别处死实验动物,取下颌骨标本行大体观察、影像学检查、扫描电镜、组织学观察,计算缺损区新骨面积,比较各组骨缺损的修复情况。结果与结论:(1)成功构建贯穿性骨缺损动物模型并有效提取富血小板血浆;(2)大体和影像学观察:单纯材料和活性材料组缺损区影像学观察在各个时间段均优于空白组;(3)电镜观察:空白组边界区主要由纤维组织包绕,单纯材料组边界区存在少量新生骨,散在分布,活性材料组连接的纤维组织更致密,新骨呈片状分布;(4)组织学观察可见各材料组不同时间点骨缺损区新骨形成均优于对照组,活性材料组新生骨及新生血管的量较多。随时间延长,材料降解同时被活跃生长的骨组织包围并替代;(5)4周时各组新生骨面积排列为空白组<单纯材料组<活性材料组,差异有显著性意义;8,12周时空白组新骨面积显著少于其他2组(P<0.05),单纯材料与活性材料组之间无明显差异(P>0.05);(6)结果提示,n HAC/BMPs在体内实验过程中有良好的生物相容性和骨诱导活性,可作为支架材料引导再生骨向缺损内生长,富血小板血浆有助于诱导并促进活性材料成BACKGROUND： With the help of bone tissue engineering, osteogenitor cells from the periosteum taken as ＂seed cells＂ are combined with nano-scaffold materials and growth factors to repair bone defects.OBJECTIVE： To explore the feasibility of reproducing platelet-rich plasma（PRP） using secondary centrifugation method through detecting platelet content, and to compare the osteogenic effects of different materials in different periods in order to explore new ways to repair bone defects with autologous periosteum and autologous active factors. METHODS： Eighteen New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into blank group, pure material group and active material group（n=6 per group）. The PRP was prepared 1 day before operation, and the active materials were prepared with nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen/bone morphogenetic proteins（n HAC/BMPs）. A rectangular penetrating bone defect animal model was made in the right mandibular body of each New Zealand white rabbit followed by implantation of pure materials, n HAC/BMPs/PRP and nothing in the pure material group, active material group and blank group, respectively. Experimental animals were executed at 4, 8 and 12 weeks after surgery. The mandible specimens were taken and compared among groups through radiography, scanning electron microscopy, and histological observations as well as new bone area calculation in the defect area. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： The animal model of penetrating bone defect was successfully constructed and PRP was extracted effectively. The profile and imaging observations of the defect area showed better results in the pure material and active material groups than the blank group at each time. Under the scanning electron microscope, the boundary area of the blank group was mainly surrounded by fibrous tissues; there was a small amount of new bone in the boundary area of the material group; and the fibrous tissue of the active material group was dense and the flaky distribution of new bone was observed. The histological observa

关 键 词：富血小板血浆 生物相容性材料 组织工程 骨膜 纳米材料 骨缺损 成骨 骨修复 活性材料 生物相容性 新生骨面积 骨诱导 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]