改进综合水质指数法分析黄河水质演变特征  

Analysis of Water Quality Evolution of the Main Stream of the Yellow River Based on Improved Integrated Water Quality Index

作　　者：孙艺珂 王琳[1] 祁峰 SUN Yike;WANG Lin;QI Feng(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology of MOE,Ocean University of China,)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院,山东青岛266100 [2]中国海洋大学海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100 [3]山东建筑大学市政与环境工程学院,山东济南250101

出　　处：《人民黄河》2018年第7期78-81,87,共5页Yellow River

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划项目(2016GSF117018)

摘　　要：为评价黄河干流水质状况,以水污染指数WPI为分项指数,采用主成分分析法赋权,同时引入改进内梅罗指数法,建立了改进的综合水质指数法。以黄河干流7个监测断面2004—2016年的水质监测数据为基础,利用改进的综合水质指数法分析黄河流域水质的总体污染状况和时空变化特征,结果表明:黄河干流水质总体较好,达Ⅲ类水标准的占90.93%,水质类别为优;干流Ⅰ~Ⅲ类水体比例呈逐年增加趋势,水体污染程度降低,水质呈改善趋势;从空间变化来看,乌海海勃湾断面、包头画匠营子断面污染最为严重,最重污染因子为NH_3-N,上游和下游地区水质状况较好。Integrated water quality index（WPCNI）method was applied to evaluate the water quality in the mainstream of the Yellow River inseven monitoring sections from 2004 to 2016. The water pollution index（WPI）value was used as a sub-index, used principal component analysis to determine weight and introduced the Nemero Index. The WPCNI was used to analyze the overall state of pollution, temporal and spatial characteristics. The results show that the general water quality in the given period is good and 90. 93% of water body reaches Class Ⅲ standards; water quality has been improved during the study period; the proportion of water in class I-III is gradually increased; viewing from the spatial variation, the most polluted sections are Haibowan of Wuhai and Huajiangyingzi of Baotou, the main pollutant is NH3-N and the water quality of upstream and downstream is better.

关 键 词：改进的综合水质指数法 水污染指数 主成分分析法 赋权 改进内梅罗指数 黄河干流 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TV882.1[水利工程—水利水电工程]