沙埋深度对青藏高原4种草种萌发和幼苗生长的影响  

Effect of sand burial depth on seed germination and seedling growth of four grasses in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

作　　者：郭坤 任康 郑景明[1] 柯裕州 GUO Kun;REN Kang;ZHENG Jingming;KE Yuzhou(College of Forestry,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Forestry Science Academy of Tibet,Lhasa,Tibet 850000,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学林学院,北京100083 [2]西藏自治区林木科学研究院,西藏拉萨850000

出　　处：《福建农林大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第4期487-493,共7页Journal of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：林业公益性行业科研专项经费资助项目(201504401)

摘　　要：为促进西藏地区沙化土地的植被恢复和重建,研究了不同沙埋深度(0、1、2、3、4和6 cm)对中华羊茅、短芒披碱草、巴青垂穗披碱草、青海冷地早熟禾4种青藏高原草种种子萌发、幼苗出土和生长的影响.结果表明:沙埋深度对4种草种幼苗出苗率、根长、株高、根冠比以及生物量的分配都有显著影响(P<0.05),千粒重大的种子有较高的发芽率.随着沙埋深度增加,中华羊茅、短芒披碱草、巴青垂穗披碱草种子出苗率、根长、株高和地上与地下部分生长量都呈现出先上升后下降的趋势,当沙埋深度超过3 cm,青海冷地早熟禾种子不能出苗.对于幼苗出土和生长来说,中华羊茅、短芒披碱草、巴青垂穗披碱草和青海冷地早熟禾的最佳沙埋深度分别为1~3 cm、2~3 cm、1~3 cm和1~3 cm.因此,在植被恢复和重建过程中,应选用质量好且千粒重大的种子,进行1~3 cm的中度沙埋以提高种子出苗率、增大幼苗定植率.To promote the restoration and reconstruction of desertified land in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,the effects of different depth of sand burial（0,1,2,3,4 and 6 cm） on seed germination,seedling emergence and growth of four native plants（ Festuca sinensis,Elymus breviaristatus,Elymus nutan and Poacrymophila cv Qinghai） were studied. The results showed that sand burial had a significant effect on the emergence rate,root length,root shoot ratio,plant height and biomass allocation of four plant seedlings（P0.05）,and the seed with high 1 000-grain weight had high probability of germination. With increasing of burial depth,the probability of seedling emergence,plant height,root length,the root and shoot biomass of Festuca sinensis,Elymus breviaristatus,Elymus nutan increased firstly,followed by decreasing,however Poacrymophila cv Qinghai of more than 3 cm depth of sand burial failed to emergence. It indicates that the optimum depth of sand burial for seedling emergence and growth for Festuca sinensis is 1-3 cm,Elymus breviaristatus is 2-3 cm,Elymus nutans is 1-3 cm,Poacrymophila cv Qinghai is 1-3 cm respectively. Plant with larger seedmass and moderate sand depth of 1-3 cm should be considered during vegetation recovery to improve emergence and growth of seedling,further benefit to establishment of species.

关 键 词：青藏高原 沙埋 种子萌发 幼苗生长 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学]