中国低渗透油气藏开发理论与技术进展  

Development of the theory and technology for low permeability reservoirs in China

作　　者：胡文瑞 魏漪[2] 鲍敬伟[3] HU Wenrui;WEI Yi;BAO Jingwei(China National Petroleum Corporation,Beijing 100724,China;SINOPEC Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute,Beijing 100083,China;Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration ＆ Development,PetroChina,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油天然气集团有限公司,北京100724 [2]中国石化石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083 [3]中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《石油勘探与开发》2018年第4期646-656,共11页Petroleum Exploration and Development

摘　　要：基于对国内已开发低渗透油气资源的认识和研究,提炼了低渗透油气藏的开发理论,总结了低渗透油气藏开发的关键技术,探讨了低渗透油气藏可持续发展的前景和技术方向。中国低渗透油气藏开发主要形成了5个方面的理论与关键技术:(1)发展了低渗透储集层渗流、双重介质渗流、相对均质等理论;(2)研发了"储集层有利区与含气性预测相结合、叠前和叠后相结合"的井位优选技术;(3)完善了定向射孔多缝、多级加砂、多级暂堵、直井多层、水平井等体积压裂提高单井产量技术;(4)提出了整体降压、局部增压、聚能冲压解堵、精细分注、温和超前注水等增注保压技术;(5)形成了水平井注采井网优化提高采收率技术。继续经济有效开发低渗透储量,必须做好3方面的工作:(1)依靠技术进步,继续研发新技术、新方法、新工艺,建立低品位油藏效益开发新模式,确定主体技术界限并做好超前开发接替技术储备;(2)坚持"低成本技术+低成本管理"体系,通过"技术和管理的不断创新,建立一套完整的低成本二元集成创新体系";(3)争取国家优惠政策。The development theories of low-permeability oil and gas reservoirs are refined, the key development technologies are summarized, and the prospect and technical direction of sustainable development are discussed based on the understanding and research on developed low-permeability oil and gas resources in China. The main achievements include： （1） the theories of low-permeability reservoir seepage, dual-medium seepage, relative homogeneity, etc. （2） the well location optimization technology combining favorable area of reservoir with gas-bearing prediction and combining pre-stack with post-stack; （3） oriented perforating multi-fracture, multistage sand adding, multistage temporary plugging, vertical well multilayer, horizontal and other fracturing techniques to improve productivity of single well; （4） the technology of increasing injection and keeping pressure, such as overall decreasing pressure, local pressurization, shaped charge stamping and plugging removal, fine separate injection, mild advanced water injection and so on; （5） enhanced recovery technology of optimization of injection-production well network in horizontal wells. To continue to develop low-permeability reserves economically and effectively, there are three aspects of work to be done well： （1） depending on technical improvement, continue to innovate new technologies and methods, establish a new mode of low quality reservoir development economically, determine the main technical boundaries and form replacement technology reserves of advanced development; （2） adhering to the management system of low cost technology ＆ low cost, set up a complete set of low-cost dual integration innovation system through continuous innovation in technology and management; （3） striving for national preferential policies.

关 键 词：低渗透油气藏 渗流理论 体积压裂 注水技术 井位优选 水平井 技术发展方向 

分 类 号：TE32[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]