呼伦贝尔沙地樟子松林土壤物理性质及其水文功能研究  

Study on Soil Physical Properties and Hydrological Functions of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica in Hulun Buir Sandy Land

作　　者：曹恭祥[1] 季蒙[1] 朱静泓 李艳慧 耿庆春 李晓光 冯丽红 姚长亮 包瑞 CAO Gong-xiang;JI Meng;ZHU Jing-hong;LI Yan-hui;GENG Qing-chun;LI Xiao-guang;FENG Li-hong;YAO Chang-liang;BAO Rui(Inner Mongolia Academy of Forestry Sciences,Hohhot 010010,China;The Forestry Bureau of Saihan District,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia,Hohhot 010010,China;The Forestry Bureau of Honghuaerji,Hulun Buir,Inner Mongolia,Honghuaerji County 021112,China;Holo State Forest Farm,Ejin Holo Banner,Inner Mongolia,Ordos 017208,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区林业科学研究院,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [2]呼和浩特市赛罕区林业局,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [3]红花尔基林业局,内蒙古红花尔基镇021112 [4]伊金霍洛旗国营霍洛林场,内蒙古鄂尔多斯017208

出　　处：《内蒙古林业科技》2018年第2期1-6,共6页Journal of Inner Mongolia Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：内蒙古GEF项目"呼伦贝尔沙地樟子松种群恢复与经营管理技术研究"(GEF-NMG-201601)资助

摘　　要：樟子松是我国北方生态建设的重要树种,为准确认识樟子松林对土壤物理特性的影响,本研究在樟子松天然分布区以樟子松天然林和人工林为研究对象,对不同林龄和不同起源林分土壤特性分别进行比较分析。结果显示:随着林龄的增加,樟子松人工林土壤物理性质在不断改善,中龄林(Ⅰ)和近熟林(Ⅱ)在土层0~40 cm存在显著差异,成熟林(Ⅲ)对土壤的影响深度可达80 cm。高密度人工林(Ⅰ)与天然林(Ⅳ)相比,10~60 cm土层差异显著,土壤容重、毛管孔隙度、非毛管孔隙度和总孔隙变化幅度分别为7.6%、10.6%、13.8%、9.6%。低密度人工林(Ⅲ)与天然林(Ⅴ)在10~40 cm土层差异显著,土壤容重、毛管孔隙度、非毛管孔隙度和总孔隙幅度分别为2.2%、8.2%、9.9%、5.6%。通过对土壤物理性质的改善,人工林持水能力和蓄水能力明显高于天然林,Ⅰ与Ⅳ相比,最大持水量增加了2.3%,毛管持水量增加了1.9%,田间持水量增加了15.4%,蓄水量增加了0.8%;Ⅲ与Ⅴ相比,最大持水量增加了10.7%,毛管持水量增加了10.3%,田间持水量增加了12.7%,蓄水量增加了5.4%。说明樟子松人工林通过改善土壤物理性质,可增强林地的水源涵养功能。Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica is an important tree species of ecological construction in north China. The natural forest and plantation in Honghuaerji natural protection area are chosen to compare and analyze the soil physical properties and hydrological functions at different forest ages and with different origins,in order to understand the effect of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantation on soil physical properties. The results show that the soil physical properties of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantation have risen with the increase of forest age. There are significant differences between middle-aged forest（ Ⅰ） and near-mature forest（ Ⅱ） at 0 ~ 40 cm of soil layer,and effects of mature forest（ Ⅲ） on soil depth is 80 cm. There are significant differences between high density plantations（ Ⅰ） and natural forest（ Ⅳ） at 10 ~ 60 cm of soil layer,the changes of bulk density,capillary porosity,non-capillary porosity and total porosity are 7. 6%,10. 6%,13. 8% and 10. 6%,respectively. There are significant differences between low density plantations（ Ⅲ） and natural forest（ Ⅴ） at 10 ~ 40 cm of soil layer,thechanges of bulk density,capillary porosity,non-capillary porosity and total porosity are 2. 2%,8. 2%,9. 9%and 5. 6%,respectively. Through the improvement of soil physical properties,the water holding capacity and storage capacity of artificial forest are higher than natural forest. Compared with natural forest（ Ⅳ）,the maximum water-holding capacity,capillary water-holding capacity,field water-holding capacity and storage capacity of high density plantations（ Ⅰ） have been increased by 2. 32%,1. 9%,15. 4% and 0. 8%,respectively. Compared with natural forest（ Ⅴ）,the maximum water-holding capacity,capillary water-holding capacity,field water-holding capacity and storage water-holding capacity of low density plantations（ Ⅲ） have been increased by10. 7%,10. 3%,12. 7% and 5. 4%,respectively. It is indicated that water conservation function of Pinus

关 键 词：樟子松 人工林 天然林 土壤物理性质 水文功能 

分 类 号：S791.253[农业科学—林木遗传育种]