油船装货过程液货舱气相区油气场数值模拟  

Numerical simulation of oil-vapor field in gas phase space of cargo tanks during loading process of oil tankers

作　　者：卢金树 张乾 邓佳佳 高军凯 吴文锋 LU Jinshu;ZHANG Qian;DENG Jiajia;GAO Junka;WU Wenfeng(School of Port and Transportation Engineering,Zhejiang Ocean Uni versity,Zhous han 316022,China;School of Naval Architecture and Mechanical-electrical Engineering,Zhe jiang Ocean Univesity,Zhoushan 316022,Chi na)

机构地区：[1]浙江海洋大学港航与交通运输工程学院,浙江舟山316022 [2]浙江海洋大学船舶与机电工程学院,浙江舟山316022

出　　处：《中国石油大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第4期122-127,共6页Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science)

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金项目(LY18E090008);国家自然科学基金项目(51079129)

摘　　要：油船装货过程中液货舱油品蒸发到气相区形成油气场,油气场中油气体积分数分布规律关系着装货作业的安全。通过建立更符合实际的三维模型,并对CFD(computational fluid dynamics)软件进行二次开发,将基于VOF(volume-of-fluid)模型、膜理论与菲克定律提出的传质模型与CFD软件相结合,模拟油船液货舱装货过程舱内油气场的变化,并利用试验数据对模型的数值模拟结果进行验证。结果表明:该模型数值模拟结果与模型试验数据吻合较好,验证了数学模型及数值方法的准确性;装货过程液货舱油气场的油气体积分数呈波浪状分层状态,油气体积分数梯度在竖直方向缓慢减小;随着装载率增大,油气场对流强度先增强而后减弱,并在对流较强时,油气场形成一个明显的涡;透气口排出油气体积分数、油气总量随油品装载的进行不断增大,在装载率为70%时,增长明显。Cargo oil vaporizes to the gas phase space and forms the oil-vapor field during the process of loading of oil tankers,and the distribution of vapor concentration in the gas and oil field is a key problem to the safety of loading operations. A more reasonable three-dimensional model was established,and the VOF（ volume-of-fluid） model,film theory and Fick＇s law are combined by the software secondary development of CFD（ computational fluid dynamics）,which is used to simulate the variation of oil-vapor field in the loading process of cargo tanks. The numerical simulation results were verified by the experimental data. The results show that the numerical simulation results of the model agree well with the experimental data,and thus the accuracy of the mathematical model and numerical method are verified. During the loading process,the vapor concentration in the liquid storage tank is wavy and stratified,and the vapor concentration gradient decreases slowly in the vertical direction.With the increase of the loading ratio,the convection intensity of the vapor field increases firstly and then decreases,and the vapor field forms a clear vortex in case of the strong convection. The concentration and total amount of vapor emission from the breather hole increases continuously,and the growth rate is very obvious when the loading rate is 70%.

关 键 词：液货舱 数学模型 油气场 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TE832[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程] TE988