行为转变理论护理模式干预对下肢骨折老年患者下肢静脉血栓和便秘的影响  

Effects of behavioral intervention nursing model on venous thrombosis and constipation in lower extremities in elderly patients with lower limb fractures

作　　者：张燕燕[1] 赵翠梅[1] 朱亚楠[1] Zhang Yan yan;Zhao Cui mei;Zhu Ya nan(Second Affiliated Hospital of Luohe Medical College,Henan Luohe 46200)

机构地区：[1]河南省漯河医学高等专科学校第二附属医院,河南漯河462000

出　　处：《四川生理科学杂志》2018年第2期123-125,共3页Sichuan Journal of Physiological Sciences

摘　　要：目的:观察行为转变理论护理模式干预对下肢骨折老年患者下肢静脉血栓和便秘的影响。方法:将2016年1月~2017年1月在我院治疗的142例下肢骨折老年患者随机分成两组,并依据患者的严重程度分别行髋关节置换术和胫骨平台钢板固定术,术后对照组患者(n=71)给予常规护理,观察组患者(n=71)给予行为转变理论护理模式干预,术后14d比较便秘情况,采用多普勒超声检查下肢深静脉血栓(Deep vein thrombosis,DVT)发生情况,记录术后压疮、术后感染并发症,采用健康调查简表评估患者的生活质量。结果:观察组患者便秘、DVT发生率明显低于对照组,排便时间明显短于对照组(P<0.05),下肢深静脉流速明显大于对照组,DVT平均直径明显小于对照组(P<0.05),患者的躯体功能、社会功能、心理健康、情感角色、总体健康得分明显优于对照组(P<0.01),并发症发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:行为转变干预护理模式能通过饮食、行为模式的改变减少骨折老年患者便秘的发生,并通过早期功能锻炼改善血液循环,降低下肢静脉血栓的发生率,提高患者的康复意识和行为。Objective：To observe the effects of behavioral intervention nursing model on lower limb venous thrombosis and constipation in elderly patients with lower limb fractures.Methods：From January 2016 to January 2017,one hundred and forty-two elderly patients with lower extremity fractures were divided into two groups.The patient underwent hip arthroplasty and steel plate fixation of tibial plateau according to the severity of the patient,respectively.The patients in the control group were given routine nursing.The patients in the observation group were given behavioral intervention nursing.After 14 days,the constipation was compared.Deep vein thrombosis（DVT）of lower extremities was measured by Doppler ultrasonography,and postoperative pressure sores,postoperative infection was recorded.The quality of life of the patient was recorded by a health survey.Results：The incidence of constipation and DVT in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group.The defecation time was significantly shorter than that of the control group（P〈0.05）.The deep vein velocity of the lower extremity was significantly larger than that of the control group.The average diameter of DVT was significantly smaller than that of the control group（P〈0.05）.The incidence of complications was lower than that of the control group（P〈0.05）.The physical function,social function,mental health,affective role,and overall health score of the patients were significantly better than those of the control group（P〈0.01）.Conclusion：Behavioral intervention nursing mode can reduce the occurrence of constipation in elderly patients with fractures through diet and behavior pattern,improve blood circulation through early functional exercise,reduce the incidence of venous thrombosis of lower extremities,and improve the rehabilitation consciousness and behavior of patients.

关 键 词：行为转变理论护理模式 下肢骨折 下肢静脉血栓 便秘 

分 类 号：R473.6[医药卫生—护理学]