延安黄土丘陵沟壑区不同生态恢复类型中的蝗虫物种多样性  

Species Diversity of Grasshoppers from Different Types of Ecological Restoration in Loess Hilly-Gully Region of Yan'an

作　　者：曹奕昕 李家玉[1] 李馨 王文强[1] CAO Yi-xin;LI Jia-yu;LI XIN;WANG Wen-qiang(College of Life Sciences,Yan＇an University,Yan＇an 716000,China;No.1 Middle School,Yan＇an New District,Yan＇an 716000,China)

机构地区：[1]延安大学生命科学学院 [2]延安市新区第一中学,陕西延安716000

出　　处：《延安大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第2期82-87,共6页Journal of Yan'an University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2014JM3076);陕西省教育厅专项科研计划项目(09JK824);延安市科学技术研究发展计划项目(2009KS-20);生态学陕西省重点学科专项资金建设项目资助

摘　　要：为探讨蝗虫物种多样性与生态环境变化间的关系,给黄土高原生态修复和生物多样性保护提供理论依据,在对蝗虫种类数量抽样调查的基础上,利用多样性指数、相似性分析等方法比较分析了延安黄土丘陵沟壑区4种不同生态恢复类型中蝗虫的物种多样性,结果表明:共采集蝗虫3396头,隶属于6科15属30种,稀有属种较为丰富,在科、属、种水平均反映出蝗虫物种多度的差异性特点,说明蝗虫物种多样性与生态环境系统密切相关,该区植被呈进展性演替,生物群落趋向于稳定;不同恢复类型中物种的丰富程度依次为人工恢复林地>自然恢复草地>人工恢复草地>农田;人工恢复林地中的物种丰富度指数最高,自然恢复草地中的Shannon-Weiner指数和均匀度指数均最高,因此这两种恢复类型可作为该区植被恢复中较好的模式;相似性分析表明,自然恢复草地与人工恢复草地间为中等相似,其余恢复类型之间为中等不相似,说明自然恢复草地和人工恢复草地的生境条件具有一定的相似性,两者间具有更多的共同物种。In order to explore the relationships between grasshopper species diversity and their habitat changes,and provide the theoretical basis for both ecological restoration and biodiversity conservation of the loess plateau,the grasshopper species and quantity was sampling investigated,and the diversity indices and similarity coefficients were calculated and analyzed in four different types of ecological restoration from the loess hilly-gully region of Yan＇an.The results shown that the 3396 grasshoppers collected belong to 6 families,15 genera and 30 species. Of which the rare genus and species are more abundant. It reflected the abundance diversity of grasshopper from species,genus and family,and indicated that the grasshopper is closely related to the ecological environment system,the vegetation in this area is showing progressive succession,and the biological community is tending to be stable. The species richness index of grasshoppers was the highest in artificial restoration of woodland（ ARW）. Both Shannon-Weiner index and evenness index were the highest in natural restoration of grassland（ NRG）. Therefore,ARW and NRG can be regarded as a better model of ecological restoration in this area. The result of similarity analysis shown that the similarities were middle similar between NRG and ARG（ artificial restoration of grassland）,and the others were not similar. It reflected that there are more common species and with similar habitat conditions between NRG and ARG.

关 键 词：黄土丘陵沟壑区 蝗虫 物种多样性 生态恢复 

分 类 号：Q968.1[生物学—昆虫学]