多粘类芽孢杆菌XZ-2的生物学特性及其对3种大豆病原菌的拮抗作用研究  

Biological Properties of Paenibacillus polymyxa XZ-2 and Its Antagonistic Effect against 3 Soybean Pathogens

作　　者：王波[1] 周涧楠 黄忠勤[1] 王幸[1] 丁震乾[1] 常勇[1] 苏在兴 周兴根[1] WANG Bo;ZHOU Jian-nan;HUANG Zhong-qin;WANG Xing;DING Zhen-qian;CHANG Yong;SU Zai-xing;ZHOU Xing-gen(Xuzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jiangsu Xuzhou 221131,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏徐淮地区徐州农业科学研究所,江苏徐州221131

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2018年第6期1197-1202,共6页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-04-CES22);教育部农作物生物灾害综合治理重点实验室/农业部华东作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室开放基金项目;优质多抗超高产麦稻新品种徐麦31;徐68优201产业化(BA2014074)

摘　　要：【目的】XZ-2是江苏徐淮地区徐州农业科学研究所油料研究课题组分离到的1株大豆内生多粘类芽孢杆菌,为明确该菌株的发酵条件及其对3种主要大豆病害的室内生防潜力。【方法】本文采用单因素试验对XZ-2进行了生物学特性研究并采用平板对峙培养法和显微观察研究该菌株对引起大豆主要病害的3种病原菌大豆疫霉病菌、大豆炭疽病菌和大豆菌核病菌的拮抗作用。【结果】XZ-2在pH值6~8生长情况最佳,在氯化钠浓度0~15 g/L生长情况相对较好,对光暗不敏感,致死温度为100℃,10min;XZ-2发酵液对3种大豆病原菌均有较强的拮抗活性,抑菌带直径分别为22.3,24.2和23.6 mm;显微观察发现XZ-2发酵滤液对大豆疫霉病菌、大豆炭疽病菌和大豆菌核病菌的菌丝具有明显的抑制作用,受抑制的菌丝膨大、畸形,分枝增多;24 h后对照大豆炭疽病菌孢子萌发而XZ-2发酵滤液处理的大豆炭疽病菌孢子不萌发,说明XZ-2发酵滤液可抑制大豆炭疽病菌孢子萌发。【结论】XZ-2对大豆疫霉病菌、大豆炭疽病菌和大豆菌核病菌等3种病菌菌丝均有较强的抑制作用并可抑制大豆炭疽病孢子萌发,说明该菌株对供试的3种大豆病害具有较好的生防潜力,值得进一步研究和推广。[ Objective ] XZ-2 was a Paenibacillus polymyxa isolated from the healthy soybean plant. The experiments were carried out in order to make the biological properties and the biological control efficiency against 3 soybean diseases clearly. [ Method ] Single factor experiment was used for the biological characteristics of XZ-2. Plate confrontation culture and microscopic observation were used for the antagonism ex- periment of XZ-2 against 3 pathogens including Soybean Phytophthora, Anthracnose and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. [ Result] The suitable pH for XZ-2 was from 6 - 8, and it could grow well in LB medium with NaC1 concentration between 0 - 15 g/L. XZ-2 could grow well in bright- hess, darkness, and alternating light-dark, so it is not susceptible to light. The lethal temperature of XZ-2 was 100 9C, 10 rain. Meanwhile, XZ-2 showed antagonistic effect against Phytophthora sojae, Glomerella glycines and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and the diameters of inhibition zone were 22.3, 24.2 and 23.6 nun, respectively. Moreover, the hyphae morphology were examined by microscope and the results showed that the fermentation liquid of XZ-2 could strongly inhibit the hyphae of 3 soybean phytopathoges which caused swell, deformation and bran- ches increase. Finally, the spores germination of G. glycines were examined, the spores germination were checked after 24 hours and the control group could germinate normally while the experimental group could not geminate, which illustrated that XZ-2 could inhibit the spores germination of G. glycines. [ Conclusion] Our research indicated that XZ-2 had a very good potential for biological control against 3 soybean diseases, and deserved the further studied and industrialization.

关 键 词：多粘类芽孢杆菌 生物学特性 大豆疫霉病 大豆炭疽病 大豆菌核病 

分 类 号：S436.43[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]