不同肥料处理对烟叶机械承受能力的影响及其机制研究  

Effect of Different Fertilizers on Mechanical Strength of Tobacco Leaves and Proposed Mechanism

作　　者：何海丽 黄强 代瑾然[1] 廖菊够 王建光[1] 吴金虎 王继明 郑元仙 吴剑 何元胜 魏佳 许银莲 周厚发 陈穗云[1] HE Hai-li;HUANG Qiang;DAI Jin-ran;LIAO Ju-gou;WANG Jian-guang;WU Jin-hu;WANG Ji-ming;ZHENG Yuan-xian;WU Jian;HE Yuan-sheng;WEI Jia;XU Yin-lian;ZHOU Hou-fa;CHEN Sui-yun(Plant Science Institute of College of Life Science,Yunnan University,Yunnan Kunming 650091,China;Yunnan Tobacco Company Lincang Branch,Yunnan Lincang 677099,China)

机构地区：[1]云南大学生命科学学院植物科学研究所,云南昆明650091 [2]云南省烟草公司临沧市公司,云南临沧677099

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2018年第6期1253-1259,共7页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国烟草总公司云南省公司(2015YN27)

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同的肥料处理对烟叶机械承受能力的影响,及其潜在的作用机制。【方法】以云烟87为试验材料,设计大田试验,通过方差分析和显著性检验进行研究。【结果】与对照组相比,硫酸钾、硼砂、水溶性有机钾、水溶性有机钾+喷施含微量元素的菌肥和含微量元素的菌肥处理能显著提高云烟87脚叶、下二棚和腰叶的机械承受能力,降低田间折断率,同时能提高烟叶主叶脉中的木质素含量。研究结果显示,抗折损的烟叶主叶脉中木质素含量以及烟叶叶肉组织中的木质素合成关键酶过氧化物酶(POD)和L-苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)活性普遍偏高。烟叶的最大机械承受重量与主叶脉中的木质素含量呈正相关。主叶脉解剖结构特征表明,抗折断烟叶中的维管束厚度较大,机械组织较多,肥料处理能增加维管束厚度。【结论】以上肥料处理能提高烟叶叶肉组织中POD和PAL活性、叶柄主脉木质素含量,使茎秆机械强度增加,有效增强烟叶机械承受能力。[ Objective ] Field experiment was carried out to study the effect of different fertilizers on the mechanical strength of tobacco leaves, and the potential mechanism. [ Method] Using Yunyan 87 as the experimental material in this paper, the data were analyzed by variance a- nalysis, significance test and other methods. [ Result] The mechanical strength and the lignin content in the main vein of sand leaf, 4 - 6 （th） leaf and lumbar leaf increased significantly, and the rate of the fracture decreased, when Nicotiana tabacum cv. Yunyan87 was treated with potassium sulfate, borax, water-soluble organic potassium, water-soluble organic potassium ＋ spraying bacterial manure of containing trace elements and bacterial manure of containing trace elements. The lignin content of main leaf vein, the activity of lignin synthesis related enzymes peroxidase （POD） and phenylalanine ammonialyase （PAL） in leaves resistant to fracture were higher than that of easily fractured leaves. The maximum mechanical supporting weight of tobacco leaf was closely related to the lignin content of the main leaf vein. Character- istics of anatonmical structure suggested that the vascular bundle thickness was thick in main leave vein of tobacco leaves resistant to fracture, and fertilizers treatments could increase thickness of vascular bundle layer. [ Conclusion] The activity of POD and PAL in mesophyll tissue, the lignin content in the main vein, mechanical strength of stalk in tobacco leaves increased significantly, and the rate of the fracture in to- bacco leaves decreased eft）ctively treated with above fertilizers.

关 键 词：烟叶 肥料 木质素 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]