烟台大沽夹河流域鸟类群落组成、季节动态及多样性分析  

Community Composition,Seasonal Dynamic Pattern and Diversity Analysis of Birds in Dagujiahe River of Yantai

作　　者：李欣洋 许翠萍[1] 孙虎山[1] 刘贺 王丽婷 王宜艳[1] LI Xinyang, XU Cuiping, SUN Hushan, LIU He, WANG Liting, WANG Yiyan(School of Life Science, Ludong University , Yantai 264039, China)

机构地区：[1]鲁东大学生命科学学院,山东烟台264039

出　　处：《鲁东大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第3期228-238,共11页Journal of Ludong University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：环境保护部生物多样性保护专项-鸟类观测-烟台样区(2016-2017LDU37)

摘　　要：为了分析烟台大沽夹河流域鸟类物种多样性,2016年10月—2017年9月采用样线法和直接计数法逐月对烟台大沽夹河流域的鸟类群落进行了调查.调查共选取5条样线,总长度10 km.共记录鸟类14目37科151种.调查结果显示:优势种共14种.从居留型上看,旅鸟55种,占总种数的36.42%;冬候鸟37种,占24.50%;留鸟32种,占21.19%;夏候鸟27种,占17.88%.国家Ⅰ级保护动物1种,国家Ⅱ级保护动物6种.列入《世界自然保护联盟》(IUCN)受胁鸟类9种.雀形目有19科64种,占所调查鸟类总科数和总种数的51.35%和42.38%.非雀形目中鸻形目占比最大,有5科31种,占总科数和总种数的13.51%和19.87%,其次是雁形目和鹳形目,分别有1科20种和1科12种,占鸟类总种数的13.25%和7.95%.鸟类物种数量季节动态变化曲线出现三个峰值,其中最高峰出现在9月,记录69种,最低峰出现在12月,仅记录38种.个体数量动态曲线与物种数量动态曲线有较大差异,总体呈现四个峰值,其中最高峰出现在12月,最低峰出现在4月.通过多样性分析发现春冬季多样性指数明显高于夏秋季.该研究表明,本地区鸟类资源较丰富,是多种迁徙鸟类的停歇地和越冬地,应加强保护和监管力度.In order to analyze bird species diversity in Dagujiahe River of Yantai. From October 2016 to September 2017,the community composition of birds were surveyed by sample line and direct counting methods in Dagujiahe River every month. A total of 5 sample lines were selected and the total length was 10 km. A total of151 species belonged to 14 orders,37 families were recorded. Among them,there are 19 families and 64 species of passeriformes,respectively,accounting for 51. 35% and 42. 38% of total species and total families in the survey. Charadriformes are the largest proportion of non-passerine birds,there are 5 families and 31 species,respectively,accounting for 13. 51% and 19. 87% of total species and total families in the survey. Secondly,there are 20 species of anseriformes and 12 species of ciconiformes,respectively,accounting for 13. 25%and 7. 95% of total species in the survey. There are 14 dominant species. From the residence including 55 migrants which accounted for 36. 42%,37 winter visitors which accounted for 24. 50%,32 residents which accounted for 21. 19%,27 summer visitors which accounted for 17. 88%. Among them,1 species is listed as Rank I in the National Protected Species and 6 species are listed as Rank II species respectively. 9 intimidated species were listed as International Union for Conservation of Natureand Natural Resources. The seasonal dynamic curve of waterbird species population has three peaks,with the highest peak appearing in September,69 were recorded,and the lowest peak appearing in December,only 38 were recorded. The annualdynamic curve of the number of individuals was significantly different from the dynamic curve of the number of species,which showed four peaks,with the highest peak appearing in December,and the lowest peak appearing in April. The Shannon-Wiener index of spring and winter was significantly higher than that in summer and autumn. The study shows that rich bird resources in Dagujiahe river,where is the resting place and the overwintering ground for many birds. We n

关 键 词：烟台 大沽夹河 鸟类群落 季节动态 多样性 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]