基于NVAP-M数据和ERA-I资料的海南岛大气可降水量时空分布特征分析  

Research on the characteristics of temporal and spatial distribution of precipitable water in Hainan Island based on NVAP-M and ERA-I data

作　　者：李光伟[1,2] 敖杰 邢峰华 黄彦彬 LI Guangwei;AO Jie;XING Fenghua;HUANG Yanbin(Hainan Institute of Meteorological Sciences;Weather Modification Center of Hainan Provinc;,Haikou 570203)

机构地区：[1]海南省气象科学研究所,海口570203 [2]海南省人工影响天气中心,海口570203

出　　处：《暴雨灾害》2018年第3期281-287,共7页Torrential Rain and Disasters

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金项目(417299);海南省气象局科技创新项目(HN2013MS15;HNQXXT201603);公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201406033-04)

摘　　要：利用NVAP-M卫星资料和ERA-I再分析资料分析了1979—2008年海南岛夏半季、冬半季和年平均大气可降水量(PW)的时空分布特征及异常年成因。结果表明:海南岛及周围区域PW整体呈现南湿北干分布,有明显地区差异和季节变化。冬半季南海洋面大气可降水量达50 mm,随纬度增加,向北递减,五指山山区为低值中心,夏半季平均PW大于冬半季;海南岛8月平均值最大(55.05 mm),年变化为一明显单峰结构。近30 a来,海南岛PW呈总体减少趋势,减少率为0.53 mm·(10 a)-1;夏半季PW干湿异常年水汽通量存在较明显差异,来自孟加拉湾北部和南海的水汽输送及辐合是造成海南岛夏半季干湿年PW异常的关键因素。Based on the data of NVAP-M and ERA-I reanalysis from 1979 to 2008, the temporal and spatial distributions of rainy-season,dry-season and annual mean precipitable water vapor（PW） were analyzed. The results show that there exist considerably clear regional（southern wet-northern dry）, seasonal, and interdecadal changes of PW over Hainan Island. The value of dry-season PW over South China Sea can reach 50 mm. The water vapor amount decreases with the latitude increasing, and the low center of dry-season PW is located in Wuzhi Mountain of Hainan Island. The mean PW in rainy-season over Hainan Island is greater than in dry-season. There is a single peak in annual cycle of monthly mean PW, and the maximum value（53 mm） appears in June. There is also a decreasing tendency about PW with an average decrease of 0.53 mm/10 a in recent 30 years. The water vapor fluxes are obviously different between anomalously high PW years and low PW years. Water vapor transport and moisture convergence from the north Bay of Bengal and the South China Sea to Hainan Island is the key factor for rainy-season anomalous PW over Hainan Island in dry and wet years.

关 键 词：大气可降水量 水汽通量 ERA-I资料 NVAP-M数据 海南岛 

分 类 号：P426[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]