烟蚜茧蜂产品生产及应用技术研究(Ⅱ)——僵蚜收集与包装技术  

Products production and application technology of Aphidius gifuensis(Ⅱ)—Collection and packaging technology for mummified aphid

作　　者：阙劲松[1] 白崇禄[1] 黄坤[1] 陈华祥 李宏光[1] 赵涛 蒋继红[1] 熊正林 官群荣 陈乐[1] 吴伟 刘春明[1] QUE Jin-song;BAI Chong-lu;HUANG Kun;CHEN Hua-xiang;LI Hong-guang;ZHAO Tao;JIANG Ji-hong;XIONG Zheng-lin;GUAN Qun-rong;CHEN Le;WUWei;LIU Chun-ming(Honghe Branch,Yunnan Tobacco Company,Mile,Yunnan 652399,China;College of Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China;Runcai Agricultural Science and Technology Development Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省烟草公司红河州公司,云南弥勒652399 [2]西南林业大学生物多样性保护与利用学院,昆明650224 [3]昆明润彩农业科技开发有限公司,昆明650224

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2018年第6期1125-1129,共5页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：中国烟草总公司科技重点项目(110201402008);中国烟草总公司云南省公司科技计划项目(2015YN18)

摘　　要：【目的】明确漂浮烟苗规模繁育烟蚜茧蜂僵蚜的最佳收集时机及收集和包装方式,为僵蚜产品的规模化生产打下基础。【方法】采用低密度(25株/盘)漂浮烟苗繁蜂方法,在僵蚜大量形成期,逐日调查统计僵蚜及其羽化数量,分析总僵蚜与有效僵蚜间的关系;在有效僵蚜形成高峰期,采取不同的僵蚜收集(毛笔、试管刷和电动僵蚜刷)和包装(僵蚜盒、僵蚜卡和僵蚜叶片盒)方式,测试不同收集方式的收集效率及其对僵蚜的损伤率、不同包装方式对僵蚜羽化和成蜂扩散的影响。【结果】接蜂后第11 d僵蚜快速形成,第18 d达最大值(23800.34头/盘),其羽化率也达33.49%,有效僵蚜只有15830.17头/盘;而接蜂后15~17 d羽化率在10.00%以下,有效僵蚜保持在20000.00头/盘以上;采用电动僵蚜刷每人每天(8 h)可收集僵蚜40700.00头,其羽化率为86.67%;采用僵蚜叶片盒和僵蚜盒方式包装僵蚜,其羽化率分别为93.92%和83.31%,与对照无显著差异(P>0.05);采用僵蚜卡包装僵蚜,其羽化率为66.72%,与对照的差异显著(P<0.05)。【结论】在20~30℃条件下以25株/盘的漂浮烟苗繁蜂,接蜂后第15~17 d的僵蚜利用率较高,为僵蚜最佳收集时机;采用电动僵蚜刷收集僵蚜的效率高、损伤低,能更好地满足规模化生产需求;僵蚜包装成僵蚜叶片盒和僵蚜盒对僵蚜羽化和成蜂扩散均无显著影响,是僵蚜适宜的包装方式。【Objective】Mummified aphid was bred in large scale with floating tobacco seedling technology. Then,the best time to collect mummified aphid and the best collecting and packaging method were explored in order to lay the foundation for the large-scale production of mummified aphid product.【Method】Low-density（25 strains/plate）floating tobacco seedling was adopted to breed mummified aphid. During the formation period of numerous mummified aphid,the number of mummified aphid and eclosion were counted and investigated every day to analyze the relation between total number of mummified aphid and effective mummified aphid. During the peak formation period of effective mummified aphid,different collecting methods（brush,tube brush and electric mummified aphid brush）and packaging methods（mummified aphid box,mummified aphid card and leaf box of mummified aphid）were adopted. And then,the effects of different collecting method on effectiveness of collecting and damage rate to mummified aphid were tested,and the impacts of diffe-rent packaging methods on eclosion of mummified aphid and diffusion of adult bee were analyzed.【Result】The results showed that mummified aphid rapidly formed 11 d post inoculation. On day 18,the number of mummified aphid reached the maximum value（23800.34 aphid/plate）,and the eclosion rate also reached 33.49%,the number of effective mummified aphid being only 15830.17 aphid/plate. While 15-17 d post inoculation,the eclosion rate of mummified aphid was below 10.00% and the number of effective mummified aphid maintained at more than 20000.00 aphid/plate. By using electric mummified aphid brush,each person could collect 40700.00 aphid each day（8 h）,and the eclosion rate of mummified aphid was 86.67%. By using leaf box of mummified aphid and mummified aphid box to package mummified aphid,the eclosion rates were 93.92% and 83.31% respectively and they had no significant difference with the control（P〉0.05）.By using mummified aphid card to package,the eclosion rate was 66.

关 键 词：烟蚜茧蜂 僵蚜 有效僵蚜 僵蚜叶片盒 僵蚜盒 

分 类 号：S476.3[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]