神农架华山松人工林小气候特征  

Characteristics of Micro-climate of Pinus amandii Plantation in Shennongjia

作　　者：崔鸿侠[1] 唐万鹏[1] 潘磊[1] 杨敬元 姚圣典 Cui Hongxia1,Tang Wanpen1,Pan Lei1,Yang Jingyuan2,Yao Shengdian3(Hubei Academy of ForestryAdministrative Bureau of Shennongjia National Park,Shennongjia 442421;3.Xingshan Institute of Forestry,Yichang 44370)

机构地区：[1]湖北省林业科学研究院,武汉430075 [2]神架国家公园管理局,神农架442421 [3]兴山县林业科学研究所,宜昌443700

出　　处：《湖北林业科技》2018年第3期5-8,共4页Hubei Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：国家林业局生态站监测运行补助项目(2017-LYPT-DW-061);湖北省林业科技支撑重点项目(2017LYKJ02)

摘　　要：采用梯度观测塔对森林小气候进行定位观测,以神农架森林生态站2017年全年气象观测数据为基础,从空气温湿度、风速、水汽压、降水量、太阳总辐射、土壤温湿度等因子对神农架华山松人工林气象要素进行分析。结果表明:从1月至3月,以及10月至12月,林内(1.5m)空气温度略高于林外温度,土壤温度随土层深度增加而升高;从4月至9月,林内空气温度略低于林外温度,土壤温度随土层深度增加而降低。空气湿度在不同月份均较高,且变化不大。与林外两个梯度(24.0 m和33.0 m)相比,林内风速明显降低,风速分别降低47.15%和53.29%。水汽压在8月份最大,并与空气温度呈极显著正相关(p<0.01)。林内降水量主要集中在4至9月,占全年降水量的88.6%。林内全年太阳总辐射为645.6 MJ/m^2,夏季最大为245.1 MJ/m^2,其次为春季197.1 MJ/m^2,秋季113.0 MJ/m^2,冬季89.4 MJ/m^2。With the experimental ways of locating observation for the forest micro-climate by observation tower.Based on the annual observation data of Shennongjia Forest Ecosystem Research Station in 2017,this paper applied air temperature,air humidity,wind speed,vapor pressure,rainfall,solar radiation,soil temperature and humidity to analyze the meteorological factors in Pinus amandii plantation.The results showed：From January to March and October to December,the air temperature was higher in the forest than it out of forest,and the soil temperature gradually increased with the increase of soil depth.While from April to September,the relativity was opposite.The air humidity was high in different month,and the change was small.Compared to the wind speed in other two height out of forest,it was low in the forest,and it decreased 47.15% and 53.19% respectively.The vapor pressure was biggest in August,and it was significantly positive correlated with air temperature.The annual solar radiation was 645.6 MJ/m2 in forest,and the order of solar radiation was summer（245.1 MJ/m2）〉spring（197.1 MJ/m2）〉autumn（113.0 MJ/m2）winter〉（89.4 MJ/m2）.

关 键 词：华山松 人工林 森林小气候 神农架 

分 类 号：S714.2[农业科学—林学]