垂直专业化分工与产业升级  

Vertical Specialization and Industrial Upgrading

作　　者：李占国[1] 符磊[2] 江心英 LI Zhan-guo,FU Lei,JIANG Xin-ying

机构地区：[1]江苏省社会科学院泰州分院 [2]河海大学商学院 [3]江苏大学

出　　处：《产经评论》2018年第3期97-114,共18页Industrial Economic Review

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目"通过对外直接投资转移过剩产能研究"(项目编号:2017B18314;项目负责人:符磊)

摘　　要：在经济转型、产业升级中,如何评判产业升级对发展战略制定和产业政策选择的影响是一个关键。产业升级的本质内涵是国内附加值率的提高还是以"高大上"产业占比不断提高为表征的所谓产业结构优化?这些问题的深入讨论需要厘清垂直专业化分工条件下中国产业升级具体形态的历史演变。从垂直专业化分工视角对"产业升级"进行重新定义,采用KWW法测算中国2007年、2012年物质生产部门小类行业的国内附加值率,重点研究中国国内附加值的纵向比较及其与产业升级的关系。结果表明:中国物质生产部门2007-2012年间国内附加值率整体提高,由2007年的60.61%提高到2012年的62.14%,实现了产业升级。进一步比较不同贸易方式、不同产业、不同要素密集度产业、不同技术密集度产业的国内附加值率变化的结果表明,加工贸易的国内附加值率提升较快;劳动密集型部门和资本密集型部门的国内附加值率提高约2%;低技术、中高技术与高技术产业的国内附加值率提升程度依次递减。尤其是高技术产品的高出口额与低国内附加值率表明,中国的产业升级过程仍然遵从动态比较优势原则。最后,从集聚高端要素、深化对外开放、攀升价值链、调整产业政策等角度对中国未来产业升级进行了探讨。This paper redefines ＂industrial upgrading＂from the perspective of vertical specialization,and calculates domestic value-added share of four-digit classes industries in China in 2007 and in the year of 2012 with KWW method. The results show that the material sectors domestic value-added share had increased from 60. 61% in 2007 to 62. 14% in 2012,and had upgraded industries. On this basis,different trade modes,industries,intensities of different factors and industries with different technology intensities were compared. Subdivision results show that non-processing trade domestic value-added share is significantly higher than the processing trade,labor intensive industry is significantly higher than that of capital intensive industries,the more high domestic value-added share with the decreasing of technology intensive. Especially high technology’ s high product export amount and low domestic value-added share shows that China industrial upgrading process follows the principle of comparative advantage. Finally,this paper discusses the future industrial upgrading from gathering high-end elements,deepening opening-up,climbing value chain and adjusting industrial policies.

关 键 词：垂直专业化分工 产业升级 KWW法 

分 类 号：F424[经济管理—产业经济]