在变化中延续——华盛顿开放空间系统的规划历程探析  

Continue with Transformations——Analysis on the Planning Process of Open Space System in Washington, D.C.

作　　者：刘国正 张晋石[2] LIU Guo-zheng;ZHANG Jin-shi(Landscape Architecture,Beijing Forestry University（Beijing 100083）.)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学 [2]北京林业大学园林学院

出　　处：《风景园林》2018年第2期109-115,共7页Landscape Architecture

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(编号2017ZY09);北京市共建项目专项"城乡生态环境北京实验室"~~

摘　　要：通过研究华盛顿开放空间系统的历史规划,概述了建都伊始朗方制定的彰显帝国雄心的勒诺特式宏伟蓝图,工业化时期解决城市问题的麦克米兰计划,以及后工业化时期多元价值集于一体的开放空间系统优化三大规划阶段,展示了华盛顿开放空间系统不断生长、日趋完善的发展历程。并分析时代变化背景下各阶段开放空间系统规划的策略要点,阐释漫长规划历程中体现出的高度延续特征,总结出华盛顿开放空间系统的规划经验,为中国的城市建设提供借鉴和参考。By researching on the historical plans of Washington open space system, this paper describes the successive process of the Washington＇s open space system starts from L＇Enfant＇s grand Le Notre plan for the country＇s ambition, to the McMillan Plan that meet the challenges of urban issues of the industrial era, and to the optimization and consummation of multi-functional open space system in the post-industrial era, reveals the development and perfection of the open space system in Washington. This paper also analyzes essentials on open space system＇s plan strategies toward transformations in different times, interprets the continuity feature in long planning process, finally sums up the experience of plans for Washington＇s open space system, to provides effective references for urban construction in China.

关 键 词：风景园林 开放空间系统 城市规划史 规划策略 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]