溶胀MMT制备剥离型MMT/MCPA6纳米复合材料  

Preparation of Exfoliated MMT/MCPA6 Nanocomposite Materials with Swelled MMT

作　　者：赖登旺 李玉华[1] 刘跃军 刘爱学[2] 郑梯和[2] 杨军[2] LAI Dengwang;LI Yuhua;LIU Yuejun;LIU Aixue;ZHENG Tihe;YANG Jun(School of Packaging and Materials Engineering,Hunan University of Technology,Zhuzhou Hunan 412007,China;Zhuzhou Times New Material Technology Co.,Ltd.,Zhuzhou Hunan 412007,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南工业大学包装与材料工程学院,湖南株洲412007 [2]株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司,湖南株洲412007

出　　处：《包装学报》2018年第2期8-15,共8页Packaging Journal

基　　金：湖南省教育厅优秀青年基金资助项目(17B070)

摘　　要：MMT经乙醇和水共溶胀后,将其均匀分散于己内酰胺熔体中;再利用浇铸工艺中的真空脱水去除水和乙醇,使己内酰胺在MMT层间阴离子开环聚合,制备了MMT/MCPA6纳米复合材料。利用X射线衍射仪、透射电镜、扫描电镜对复合材料的结构进行表征,利用力学性能测试仪、热失重分析仪及差示扫描量热仪对其性能进行测定。研究结果表明,MMT经溶胀后完全剥离并分散于MCPA6基体中,且能诱导γ晶型的形成,并提高了材料的结晶度;但MMT的添加破坏了复合材料晶体的规整性,阻碍了MCPA6分子链的运动,降低了其结晶速率。纳米级分散的MMT使复合材料的韧性略有下降,但强度得到了大幅度的提高,拉伸强度约提高了46.2%,弯曲强度约提高了26.2%,弯曲模量约提高了23.9%。纳米级分散的MMT在复合材料中起热阻隔的作用,少量的MMT可以使复合材料的热分解温度有所提高,残炭率增加,而且复合材料的维卡软化点温度提升至230℃,热变形温度提高至114℃。MMT was swelled by alcohol and water, and then dispersed evenly in the caprolactam melt. Water and ethanol were removed by vacuum dewatering in casting process, and MMT/MCPA6 composite materials were produced by anionic ring opening polymerization in MMT interlayer. The structure of composite materials was characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and the performance was measured by mechanical property test, thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. The results showed that MMT swelled by ethanol and water was totally exfoliated in MCPA6 matrix, and it could induce gamma crystal shape of MCPA6 and improved crystallinity. However, MMT destroyed the regularity of crystal, hindered the movement of MCPA6 molecular chain and reduced the crystallization rate. The nanoscale dispersed MMT reduced the toughness of the composites slightly, but the strength was greatly improved, the tensile strength increased by 46.2%, the bending strength increased by 26.2%, and the bending modulus increased by 23.9%. MMT dispersed in nano scale played the part of heat insulation, and a small amount of MMT improved the thermal decomposition temperature and carbon residual rate of MMT/MCPA6 nanocomposite materials. Vicat softening temperature of MMT/MCPA6 nanocomposite materials was enhanced to 230℃, and heat deflection temperature of MMT/MCPA6 nanocomposite materials increased to 114℃.

关 键 词：溶胀 MMT MCPA6 剥离 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]