不同有机溶剂对连作辣椒根际土壤浸提组分鉴定与分析  

Identification and Analysis of Different Organic Solvents on Extraction Components of Rhizosphere Soil from Continuous Cropping Pepper

作　　者：袁圆 张爱民 王永平 梁传静 廖芳芳 吴康云 张明 邢丹 YUAN Yuan;ZHANG Ai-rain;WANG Yong-ping;LIANG Chuan-jing;LIAO Fang-fang;WU Kang-yun;ZHANG Ming;XING Dan(Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences Pepper Research Institute,Guiyang,Guizhou 550006,China;Chinese Academy of Sciences Natural Product Chemistry Main lab,Guiyang,Guizhou 550002,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省农科院辣椒研究所,贵州贵阳550006 [2]中国科学院天然产物化学重点实验室,贵州贵阳550002

出　　处：《耕作与栽培》2018年第2期1-4,共4页Tillage and Cultivation

基　　金：贵州省科技支撑项目(黔科合NY[2015]3018-2号);贵州省农科院自主创新专项(黔农科院自主创新科研专项字(2014)012号);贵州省科技平台及人才计划项目(黔科合平台人才[2017]5709)

摘　　要：为比较不同有机溶剂对辣椒际土壤化学成分的有效浸提,科学地研究辣椒连作障碍问题及化感作用提供理论基础。在辣椒开花坐果期采集黔南州册亨县连作10年的辣椒根际土壤,分别使用甲醇、乙酸乙酯、乙酸乙酯∶乙醚=1∶1、甲醇:乙酸乙酯=1∶1浸提,采用GC-MS(气相色谱-质谱仪)对其各化学组分进行鉴定及分析。结果表明,不同有机溶剂提取的化学物质数量由大到小为甲醇∶乙酸乙酯=1∶1(38种)>乙酸乙酯∶乙醚=1∶1(24种)=甲醇(24种)>乙酸乙酯(22种);主要由酸类、酯类、酮类、醇类、醛类、酰胺类等构成,不同溶剂浸提的有效物质含量差异较大,以酸类物质相对百分含量最高,以十六烷酸、十八(烷)酸、油酸占比最大;综合评价以甲醇∶乙酸乙酯=1∶1的提取效果最优。In order to compare the effect of different organic solvents on the effective extraction of soil chemical constituents in pepper,the theoretical basis for scientifically studying the problem of continuous cropping obstacles and allelopathy was provided. In this study,we collected 10 years of pepper rhizosphere soil in Cangheng County,Funan County,in the flowering and fruit setting stage of pepper,and used methanol,ethyl acetate,ethyl acetate∶ether = 1∶1,methanol： ethyl acetate = 1. ： 1 Extraction,GC-MS（GC-MS） was used to identify and analyze its chemical components. The results showed that the amount of chemical substances extracted from different organic solvents was from large to small∶methanol∶ethyl acetate = 1∶1（38 species）〉 ethyl acetate∶ether = 1∶1（24 species）= methanol（24 species）〉 Ethyl acetate（22 species）; mainly composed of acids,esters,ketones,alcohols,aldehydes,amides,etc. The content of effective substances extracted by different solvents is quite different,with the relative percentage of acid substances. The highest is hexadecanoic acid,octadecanoic acid and oleic acid. The comprehensive evaluation is the best with methanol：ethyl acetate = 1∶1.

关 键 词：连作辣椒 根际土壤 鉴定 

分 类 号：S641.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]