喀斯特白云岩石漠化区域不同生境条件下苔藓植物群落特征及演替模式研究  

Characteristics of bryophyte communities and their successional patterns in different habitats from karst dolomite rocky desertification areas

作　　者：庞嘉鹏 王智慧[1] 张朝晖[2] PANG Jiapeng;WANG Zhihui;ZHANG Zhaohui(School of Life Sciences,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550001,China;C Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Area and Protection of Ecological Environment of Guizhou Province,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550001,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学生命科学学院,贵阳550001 [2]贵州师范大学贵州省山地环境信息系统与生态环境保护重点实验室,贵阳550001

出　　处：《生态科学》2018年第3期59-66,共8页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31360035);国家自然科学基金(31160042);国家自然科学基金(31760043)

摘　　要：2015年10月—2016年4月以喀斯特石漠化区域不同生境条件的苔藓植物为研究对象,采用"样方法"、PCA排序等研究群落特征及演替模式。经鉴定苔藓群落的物种组成有11科30属82种。苔藓群落共99个,其中纯群落占16.2%,各生境条件苔藓群落种类丰富度与多样性为裸露白云岩<灌草丛<藤刺灌木丛<针阔混交林。矮丛集型、高丛集型在各生境条件中均有出现,除藤刺灌木丛以外交织型的比例逐渐增加。建群种演替规律为:尖叶扭口藓→长尖扭口藓→北地扭口藓,但在各生境条件群落的构成模式出现差异。总之,生境条件与苔藓群落特征密切相关,各生境相同的种类随着生境条件改善逐渐减少,相似性降低,分化出以优势种占据的群落增加,多种优势种将趋于平均分配生态空间,形成以多种苔藓为优势种少量伴生种的群落模式。From October 2015 to April 2016, by using sampling method and PCA ordination method in our fieldwork, the characteristics of bryophytes communities and their succession patterns were carries out in different habitats from karst dolomite rocky desertification areas in Guizhou, China. The results showed that the flora of bryophytes belonged to 11 families, 30 genera and 82 species. There were 99 bryophytes communities in the area. Among them, there were pure communities about 16.2%. The diversity index comparison in different habitats indicated dolomite bryophyte〈herbaceous and boscage〈lianas and boscage〈conifer-broadleaf forest. There were short turfs and tall turfs in various habitats. The proportion of wefts was increased greatly except for lianas and boscage. The succession of constructive species followed the order of Barbula constricta→B. ditrichoides→B. fallax; the direction of plant community succession remained stable but composing modes existed differences. In a word, habitats were related to the characteristics of bryophytes closely. The β diversity index showed consequent reduction in the number of the same species, and between communities the similarity coefficient gradually decreased. The communities of dominant species were growing, and dominant species would tend to allocate ecological space equally. A community pattern was formed including majority dominant species and a small number of associated species.

关 键 词：苔藓植物 群落特征 演替模式 生境 石漠化 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]