A Novel Angiosperm from the Early Cretaceous and Its Implications for Carpel-Deriving  

作　　者：LIU Zhongjian WANG Xin 

机构地区：[1]Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization at College of Landscape Architecture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University [2]Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Orchid Conservation and Utilization, National Orchid Conservation Center of China and Orchid Conservation and Research Center of Shenzhen [3]CAS Key Laboratory of Economic Stratigraphy and Palaeogeography, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences

出　　处：《Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)》2018年第4期1293-1298,共6页地质学报（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program (B) of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB26000000);National Natural Science Foundation of China (91514302, 91114201) awarded to X.W.;State Forestry Administration of China (No. 2005–122);Science and Technology Project of Guangdong (No. 2011B060400011);Special Funds for Environmental Projects of Shenzhen (No. 2013-02) awarded to Z. J. L.

摘　　要：The Yixian Formation （Lower Cretaceous） of China is famous for its fossils of early angiosperms, and these fossils have shed otherwise unavailable light on the evolution of angiosperms. The seeds in Archaefructus and Nothodichocarpum are inserted along the dorsal of the fruits while those in Sinocarpus are along the ventral of the fruits, suggesting different Bau-plans and pathways deriving the carpels in these plants of the Early Cretaceous. Adding further fossil evidence, here we report a novel fossil angiosperm, Neofructus lingyuanensis gen. et sp. nov, with its seeds inserted on both ventral and dorsal sides of the fruits documented through light microscopic and SEM observations, suggesting a novel way forming gynoecium in the Yixian Formation. These fossil angiosperms indicate that angiosperm gynoecia in the Yixian Formation （the Barremian to Aptian） are derived in obviously different ways, implying an evolutionary scenario for angiosperms quite different from formerly assumed.The Yixian Formation （Lower Cretaceous） of China is famous for its fossils of early angiosperms, and these fossils have shed otherwise unavailable light on the evolution of angiosperms. The seeds in Archaefructus and Nothodichocarpum are inserted along the dorsal of the fruits while those in Sinocarpus are along the ventral of the fruits, suggesting different Bau-plans and pathways deriving the carpels in these plants of the Early Cretaceous. Adding further fossil evidence, here we report a novel fossil angiosperm, Neofructus lingyuanensis gen. et sp. nov, with its seeds inserted on both ventral and dorsal sides of the fruits documented through light microscopic and SEM observations, suggesting a novel way forming gynoecium in the Yixian Formation. These fossil angiosperms indicate that angiosperm gynoecia in the Yixian Formation （the Barremian to Aptian） are derived in obviously different ways, implying an evolutionary scenario for angiosperms quite different from formerly assumed.

关 键 词：ANGIOSPERM Neofructus GYNOECIUM Yixian Formation Early Cretaceous LIAONING 

分 类 号：Q914[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]