不同氮肥梯度下黄顶菊混植密度对玉米生长的影响  

Effects of Flaveria bidentis Planting Density on Maize Growth Under Different Nitrogen Gradients

作　　者：田佳源[1,2] 张思宇[2,3] 皇甫超河[2] 田秀平 杨殿林[2] 王慧[2] Tian Jiayuan;Zhang Siyu;Huangfu Chaohe;Tian Xiuping;Yang Dianlin;Wang Hui(Tianjin Agricultural Universit;Agro-Eniveromental Protection Institute,Ministry of Agricultur;Plant Protection College,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 11086)

机构地区：[1]天津农学院,天津300384 [2]农业部环境保护科研监测所,天津300191 [3]沈阳农业大学植物保护学院,沈阳110866

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2018年第20期26-33,共8页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然基金青年科学基金项目"入侵植物黄顶菊DNA表观遗传多样性及其生态适应性机理的研究"(31401811);天津市应用基础与前沿技术研究计划"入侵植物黄顶菊DNA表观遗传多样性研究"(青年项目15JCQNJC15300)

摘　　要：为明确氮素含量与黄顶菊入侵程度的关系及对玉米生长的影响,设置4种施氮梯度和4种玉米与黄顶菊混植比例,研究不同处理下玉米生长、光合和产量指标的变化。结果表明:不同生育期玉米的株高、茎粗和叶面积指数随黄顶菊混植密度的增加变化差异显著,且这种差异受氮肥施用量的影响;不同生育期玉米的SPAD值和净光合速率也同时受到施氮梯度和黄顶菊混植密度的影响;黄顶菊混植对玉米产量的影响随施氮梯度的增加而变化,当玉米/黄顶菊混植比例达到2:1(A2),施氮梯度达到175 kg/hm^2(T1)时,黄顶菊混植会对玉米产量产生显著影响;混植比例和施氮梯度对玉米生长和光合指标影响的交互效应随玉米生育时期发生变化,在玉米成熟期,混植比例和施氮梯度对玉米产量的影响有极显著交互效应。To clarify the effects of nitrogen and intrusion degree of Flaveria bidentis on maize growth, fournitrogen levels and four mixed planting proportions of maize/Flaveria bidentis were set to study the changes ofmaize growth, photosynthesis and yield under different treatments. The results showed that under differentgrowth stages, plant height, stem diameter and LAI of maize changed significantly with the planting densityincrease of Flaveria bidentis, and the difference was also influenced by nitrogen levels. The SPAD value andnet photosynthetic rate of maize at different growth stages were also affected by the nitrogen applicationgradients and the density of mixed planting. The effects of the mixed planting on maize yield changed with theincrease of nitrogen application. When the maize/Flaveria bidentis mixed planting proportion reached 2：1（A2）and the nitrogen application rate reached 175 kg/hm^2（T1）, the Flaveria bidentis mixed planting had significanteffect on maize yield. The combined effect of mixed planting and nitrogen levels on maize growth andphotosynthetic indexes varied with its development of growth periods. At maturing stage of maize, the effect ofmixed planting and nitrogen application on maize yield had notable interaction.

关 键 词：施氮梯度 混植密度 玉米 黄顶菊 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]