基于放牧时空轨迹的天然草地利用评估模型  

Evaluation Model for Natural Grassland Utilization Based on Spatio-temporal Trajectory of Grazing Livestock

作　　者：汪传建[1,2] 江红红 鲁为华 张雅[1,2] 孙世泽[1,2] 李冬 WANG Chuanjian;JIANG Honghong;LU Weihua;ZHANG Ya;SUN Shize;LI Dong(College of Information Science and Technology,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832000,China;Geospatial Information Engineering Research Center,Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Shihezi 832000,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832003,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学信息科学与技术学院,石河子832000 [2]兵团空间信息工程技术研究中心,石河子832000 [3]石河子大学动物科技学院,石河子832003

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2018年第8期181-186,共6页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41461088)

摘　　要：为了快速大范围获取草地利用情况,提出了一种基于放牧时空轨迹的天然草地利用评估模型。该模型根据牧群的放牧轨迹数据集,利用网格分析法计算牧群采食强度,通过模糊数学中的降半梯形、升半梯形及中间对称型分布,建立简单隶属函数对采食强度进行识别,进而获得草地利用分布情况以及不同利用强度下的草地有效利用面积。以2015年和2016年为实例,对新疆生产建设兵团农八师一五一团紫泥泉牧场草地利用情况进行估算,并对模型进行验证,模型精度达86.67%。结果表明,该评估模型能较好地反映草地利用情况;2015年和2016年研究区均有45%以上的草地未被利用,仅有3.7%左右的草地被适度利用;在被利用的草地中,2015年7月,76.53%的草地利用较差,仅有4.77%的草地利用较好;2016年7月,48.84%的草地利用较差,11.92%的草地利用较好。Grasslands are important ecological barriers and livestock production base. The study on the spatial distribution of grassland utilization and the effective use of grassland was of great significance for the rational planning of grassland and the sustainable utilization of grassland. To obtain the grassland utilization on a large scale,a natural grassland utilization evaluation model based on the temporal and spatial trajectories of grazing was proposed. In order to quantify grazing pressure,a feeding intensities（FI） map was created by using a grid cell method with the tracking data recorded by the global positioning system（GPS）,because GPS can collect information in real time. In addition,feeding intensities were divided by fuzzy mathematics. So far,there was no standard for dividing the use of grassland,and different areas and types of grassland utilization cannot find the exact classification criteria. If it was strictly classified according to the classification interval,it would cause the boundary too rigid between the intervals. Therefore,fuzzy mathematics was used to evaluate grassland utilization. A simple membership function was established based on the lower semi-trapezoid distribution function,the semi-trapezoid distribution function and the middle symmetrical distribution in fuzzy mathematics,and the maximum membership degree principle were applied to determine grassland utilization. Therefore,the grassland utilization and the effective utilization area of grassland were obtained. Taking pasture of the151 regiments of the Eighth Agricultural Division of Xinjiang and Construction Corps in 2015 and 2016 as an example,the grassland utilization was estimated,and the precision of the model was 86. 67%. The result showed that the evaluation model could reflect the utilization of grassland better. More than 45% of the grassland was not used,and only about 3. 7% of the grassland was used moderately. In the used meadows,in July 2015,the poor utilization of grassland accounted for 76. 53%,and the good u

关 键 词：草地 利用情况 轨迹 采食强度 定量 模糊识别 

分 类 号：S127[农业科学—农业基础科学]