电磁勘探中各向异性研究现状和展望  

Review on research of electrical anisotropy in electromagnetic prospecting

作　　者：刘云鹤[1] 殷长春[1] 蔡晶[1] 黄威 贲放 张博[1] 齐彦福 邱长凯 任秀艳[1] 黄鑫[1] 曹晓月 孙思源[1] LIU YunHe;YIN ChangChun;CAI Jing;HUANG Wei;BEN Fang;ZHANG Bo;QI YanFu;QIU ChangKai;REN XiuYan;HUANG Xin;CAO XiaoYue;SUN SiYuan(College of Geo-exploration Science and Technology,Jilin Universit;Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,China Academy of Geological Scienc)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学地球探测科学与技术学院,长春130026 [2]中国地质科学院地球物理地球化学勘查研究所,河北廊坊065000

出　　处：《地球物理学报》2018年第8期3468-3487,共20页Chinese Journal of Geophysics

基　　金：十三五国家重点研发计划重点专项-深水双船拖曳式海洋电磁勘探系统研发(2016YFC0303100);国家自然科学基金重点项目(41530320);面上项目(41274121);青年基金项目(41404093)联合资助

摘　　要：电各向异性广泛存在于自然界中,已成为电磁勘探资料解释中不可忽视的因素.特别是在一些沉积岩地区,由于层理发育导致地下介质电阻率随电流方向发生变化,表现出很强的各向异性导电性.此时,利用各向同性模型进行电磁数据解释将引起很大的误差.本文回顾了电磁勘探中电各向异性研究的历史,简要介绍电各向异性成因、数值模拟中的数学描述及电各向异性介质中电磁场正反演模拟方法等研究现状,总结电各向异性在大地电磁、可控源电磁、航空电磁和感应测井等方面的最新研究进展及未来的挑战.随着多维电磁数据采集及正反演模拟技术的进步和计算能力的提高,给电各向异性信息提取和应用带来了新的契机.电各向异性研究将在矿产资源勘查、油气存储与运移特征分析、地下水和地热、环境工程地质调查、大地构造及地质灾害预测等方面发挥积极作用.Electrical anisotropy exists everywhere in nature that has become an important issue non-ignorable in geophysical exploration.Especially in areas of sedimentary rocks where strata in the earth result in variation of resistivity varying with the direction of current flow.In this paper,we review the research on electrical anisotropy in geo-electromagnetic exploration.We briefly explain the origin of the electrical anisotropy,focusing on its mathematical description,and forward and inverse anisotropic modeling.We then introduce the study on electrical anisotropy and its application to MT,CSAMT,airborne EM and well logging.With the development of multiple-component data acquisition in EM exploration,anisotropic modeling and inversion techniques for complex models,and the advancement of computer technology,we can see new opportunities of identification and interpretation of electrical anisotropy.Research on electricalanisotropy will play an increasingly important role in the study of deep earth structure,mineral,oil and gas exploration,groundwater,geothermal,environmental and engineering investigation,and forecast of natural hazards.

关 键 词：电各向异性 电磁勘探 电阻率 数值模拟 正反演 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]