两面针野生资源现状调查  

Investigation of Wild Resource of Zanthoxylum nitidum

作　　者：彭招华 吴孟华 谢志坚 杨晓波 赖茂祥[4] PENG Zhaohua;WU Menghua;XIE Zhijian;YANG Xiaobo;LAI Maoxiang(National Engineering Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Zhuhai,Gnangdong 519085,China;Jinan University College of Pharmacy/ Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Lingnan（Southern China）,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510632,China;Sanjiu Medical ＆ Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518029,China;Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmaceutical Seience,Nanning,Guangxi 530022,China)

机构地区：[1]国家中药现代化工程技术研究中心,广东珠海519085 [2]暨南大学药学院/岭南传统中药研究中心,广东广州510632 [3]三九医药股份有限公司,广东深圳518029 [4]广西中医药研究院,广西南宁530022

出　　处：《今日药学》2018年第7期500-504,共5页Pharmacy Today

基　　金：广西科学研究与技术开发计划项目(桂科重1598005-12);广东省科技计划项目(2012A030100006)

摘　　要：目的考察两面针野生资源蕴藏量、利用现状及面临的问题,为可持续利用两面针野生资源提供依据。方法采用两面针主产区野外实地样方调研与药材收购站调查相结合的方法,并调查两面针的野外伴生植物。结果两面针主产区主要分布在北回归线以南的地区,其野生药材总蕴藏量为10 718 t;经济量为7 498 t,年允收量为2 499 t。伴生植物多样,有蕨类植物、裸子植物和被子植物。结论两面针野生资源的实际采收量大于年允收量。由于不顾后果地过度滥砍滥伐采收,部分两面针原产地野生资源已经濒临枯竭,正面临着生态保护与种群退化的双重压力。目前人工栽培面积暂时未能满足市场需求,亟待加强规范化人工栽培的推广力度。OBJECTIVE To investigate the wild resource reserves,utilization status and problems,in order to provide a basis for the sustainable use of the wild resources of Zanthoxylum nitidum. METHODS The field investigation of the main production area of Zanthoxylum nitidum was carried out combined with the investigation of the medicinal materials purchasing station,and the wild companion plants in the field were investigated. RESULTS The main production area of Zanthoxylum nitidum was mainly located in the area south of the Tropic of Cancer.The total amount of wild medicinal materials of Zanthoxylum nitidum was 10 718 t.The economic amount was 7 498 t,and the annual allowable harvested amount was 2 499 t.The wild companion plants were diverse,including ferns,Gymnosperms and Angiosperms. CONCLUSION The actual annual harvested amount of wild Zanthoxylum nitidum is greater than the annual allowable harvested amount.Due to excessive reckless harvesting,some of the wild resources of the Zanthoxylum nitidum original resources have already been exhausted and are facing the dual pressures of ecological protection and population degradation.At present,the artificial cultivation area cannot meet the market requirements for the time being,and it is urgently necessary to strengthen the promotion of standardized chemical planting.

关 键 词：两面针 野生 药用植物资源 资源蕴藏量 

分 类 号：R931.2[医药卫生—生药学]