生物质三组分催化气化后焦油析出特性研究  

Characteristics of tar formation during catalytic gasification of three-component biomass

作　　者：俞海淼[1] 刘阳 武子璐 YU Hai-miao;LIU Yang;WU Zi-lu(School of Mechanical Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学机械与能源工程学院,上海200092

出　　处：《现代化工》2018年第8期90-93,共4页Modern Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2012AA063504)

摘　　要：以生物质三组分(纤维素、半纤维素和木质素)为原料,白云石和碳酸钠为催化剂,在小型气流床气化炉上开展实验研究。通过气相色谱质谱仪(GC-MS)分析焦油组成和含量,研究催化剂对3组分气化焦油析出特性的影响。结果表明,木质素的焦油产率远高于纤维素和半纤维素。白云石和碳酸钠对半纤维素的降焦油效果均十分显著,但两者的机理存在差异;碳酸钠对纤维素存在一定抑制作用。2种催化剂对纤维素和木质素气化焦油组成含量影响不大,但碳酸钠显著降低了半纤维素气化焦油中杂项碳氢类物质的相对含量。研究表明,不同催化剂对生物质某一组分的降焦油效果存在明显差异,同一催化剂对3组分的降焦油效果也可能完全不同。Catalytic gasification experiments of three major biomass components（cellulose,hemicellulose and lignin） are performed in a small-scale entrained-flow gasifier with dolomite and Na2 CO3 as catalysts. The compositions and content of tar are analyzed via gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry（GC-MS）,probing into the influences of catalyst on the tar formation characteristics in the gasification of three-component biomass.The results show that the tar yield of lignin is much higher than that of cellulose and hemicellulose.Dolomite and Na2 CO3 both can reduce significantly the tar yield of hemicellulose,but there is a difference on the mechanism between these two catalysts. In contrast,Na2 CO3 can inhibit the gasification of cellulose.These two catalysts both have less effect on the composition and concerning content of tar derived from cellulose and lignin.Sodium carbonate can reduce significantly the relative content of miscellaneous hydrocarbons in tar derived from hemicellulose.It is indicated that the same catalyst can take completely different effects on the formation of tar from the gasification of different components of biomass while the different catalysts produce different impacts on the formation of tar from the gasification of same biomass component.

关 键 词：催化剂 气化 生物质组分 焦油 GC-MS 

分 类 号：TK6[动力工程及工程热物理—生物能]