Elevational divergence in the great tit complex revealed by major hemoglobin genes  

作　　者：Xiaojia ZHu Yuyan GUAN Yanhua Qu Gabriel DAVID Gang SONG Fumin LEI 

机构地区：[1]Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China [2]University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China [3]CXishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yunnan, 666303, China

出　　处：《Current Zoology》2018年第4期455-464,共10页动物学报（英文版）

摘　　要：Gene flow and demographic history can play important roles in the adaptive genetic differentiation of species, which is rarely understood in the high-altitude adaptive evolution of birds. To elucidate genetic divergence of populations in the great tit complex （Parus major, P. minor and P. cinereus） at different elevations, we compared the genetic structure and gene flow in hemoglobin genes with neutral loci. Our results revealed the elevationally divergent structure of αA-globin gene, distinctive from that of the/βA-globin gene and neutral loci. We further investigated gene flow patterns among the populations in the central-northern （〉 1,000 m a.s.l.）, south-eastern （〈 1,000 m a.s.l.） regions and the Southwest Mountains （〉2,000 m a.s.l.） in China. The high-altitude （〉 1,000 m a.s.l.） diverged aA-globin genetic structure coincidαed with higher αA-globin gene flow between highland populations, in contrast to restricted neutral gene flow concordant with the phylogeny. The higher aA-globin gene flow suggests the possibility of adaptive evolution during population divergence, contrary to the lower aA-globin gene flow homogenized by neutral loci during population expantion. In concordance with patterns of historical gene flow, genotypic and allelic profiles provide distinctive patterns of fixation in different high-altitude populations. The fixation of alleles at contrasting elevations may primarily due to highland standing variants aA49Asn/72Asn/108Ala originating from the south-western population. Our findings demonstrate a pattern of genetic divergence with gene flow in major hemoglobin genes depending on population demographic history.

关 键 词：elevational divergence gene flow genetic structure hemoglobin gene 

分 类 号：S435.622.3[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] TS251.93[农业科学—植物保护]