流散、杂糅与英格兰身份焦虑:爱尔兰战争中的《亨利五世》  

Diaspora,Hybridity and English Identity Anxiety:Henry V in the Irish Wars

作　　者：陶久胜[1] 

机构地区：[1]南昌大学外国语学院

出　　处：《英美文学研究论丛》2018年第1期91-108,共18页English and American Literary Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“英国16、17世纪文学中的地理意识与国家想象研究”(14BWW045);江西省高校人文社会科学研究项目“英国16、17世纪文学的疾病叙事研究”(WGW1515);南昌大学博士启动基金(06301178)项目的阶段性成果

摘　　要：学界重视早期现代文学的爱尔兰与英格兰关系问题,却忽视在历史语境中研究莎剧《亨利五世》的流散议题。从爱尔兰战争语境出发,发现本剧亨利军队中的爱尔兰籍上尉让人联想起战争期间英格兰军队中流散的爱尔兰人,他们因经历身份杂揉而成为英军内的灾难性要素,既认可又抵制英格兰霸权。剧中合唱团赞扬亨利从法国凯旋而回时,细致描述英军统帅＂可能＂从爱尔兰胜利班师回国,措辞隐含诸多不确定性,影射伊丽莎白政府对英军失去纯英格兰身份的焦虑,暗示莎士比亚对英格兰民族同化政策的批评和对新的具有平等、差异和多元化特征的民族联合政策的倡导。Since the 1980 s, the academia has been adopting new historicism to study the England-Ireland relations in early modern literature, never employing the contemporary term ＂Diaspora＂ of culture studies to study this issue. From the Diaspora perspective and in the context of Irish Wars, it is found that the Irish captain in Henry＇s army reminds us of the diasporic Irish in English army during the Nine Years Wars,who experienced identity hybridity and became the disastrous elements in the army, both recognizing and resisting the English hegemony. In the opening part of Act 5, the Chorus compliments Henry＇s glorious return from France, meticulously describing the English general＇s possible coming back victoriously,with uncertainties in the rhetoric, hinting at the anxiety Elizabethan government exhibited towards the loss of essential English identity of English army, and implying Shakespeare＇s criticism towards national assimilation policy and his advocating of national alliance policy characterized by equality, differences and diversity.

关 键 词：焦虑 文化流散 身份杂糅 爱尔兰战争 《亨利五世》 

分 类 号：I561.073[文学—其他各国文学]