《董贝父子》中的“商业伦理”与劳动价值  

"Business Ethics" and the Value of Labor in Dombey and Son

作　　者：徐彬[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学外国语学院

出　　处：《英美文学研究论丛》2018年第1期341-353,共13页English and American Literary Studies

基　　金：2016年度华中师范大学中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目(编号:CCNU17A06040)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：《董贝父子》中,狄更斯以高傲的伦敦进出口商董贝为例揭示了维多利亚时期富有的帝国商人至高无上的社会地位,财富评价凌驾于伦理道德评判之上,财富成为帝国商人抵御道德谴责的护身符。本文认为,以善恶与否的财富决定论为核心的维多利亚＂商业伦理＂是狄更斯的批判对象。在谴责商业至上论的同时,狄更斯热情讴歌了身心健康的维多利亚劳动者形象。就狄更斯而言,劳动的价值不仅在于创造财富,更在于对劳动者道德情感的抒发和跨阶级融合的促进作用。小说中,先进工人阶级与资产阶级之间美德与财富的＂联姻＂既是对本杰明·迪斯雷利所阐发的因穷富分化而导致的英国社会道德焦虑的回应,又是狄更斯重塑英国社会道德景观的愿景。Taking Dombey, the proud London importer and exporter, in Dombey and Son,as an example, Charles Dickens demonstrated British imperial merchants＇ superior social status in Victorian society. Ethical judgment was subordinated to property evaluation, as a result of which property became British imperial merchants＇ talisman protecting them from social moral criticism. The paper argues that Dickens not only criticized wealth-oriented Victorian ＂business ethics＂ but also celebrated the healthy images of Victorian laborers. According to Dickens, the value of labor exists not only in its creation of wealth but also in its promotion of laborers＇ expression of moral emotions and the cross-class cooperation between the bourgeoisie and the working class. In the novel the morality-wealth ＂marriage＂ between the advanced working class and the bourgeoisie works not only as an answer to the social moral anxiety depicted by Benjamin Disraeli in his argument of the widening gap between rich and poor but also as a Dickensian vision of a reconstruction of British moral landscape.

关 键 词：《董贝父子》 查尔斯·狄更斯 维多利亚“商业伦理” 劳动价值 道德焦虑 

分 类 号：I561.074[文学—其他各国文学]