超声波辅助清洗并绿色养护黄芪的研究  

Ultrasound-assisted Cleaning and Green Conservation of Astragalus Mongholicus

作　　者：李芳蓉 LI Fang-rong(Dingxi Campus of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dingxi Gansu 743000, Chin)

机构地区：[1]甘肃中医药大学定西校区药学部,甘肃定西743000

出　　处：《中央民族大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第3期10-14,共5页Journal of Minzu University of China(Natural Sciences Edition)

基　　金：甘肃省高等学校科研项目(No.2015A-180);甘肃中医药大学定西校区校级重点项目(No.2017XJZD07)

摘　　要：本文以自来水洗后黄芪的清洁度为考核目标,用600 W、40 k Hz的低频超声波清洗机清洗干燥黄芪.结果表明,清洗水温(25℃~60℃)越高,达到要求洁净度所需时间越短;60℃时所需时间最短;若水温高于30℃,时间在30 min即可达到4级以上清洁度;在25℃(室温)下超声波清洗40 min就可达到4级及以上清洁度,节水、节能,且能保证黄芪有效成分基本无流失.清洗后的黄芪在贮藏过程中观察到药材表观情况是:仅普通水洗并干燥的黄芪在5个月后出现霉变或虫蛀现象,普通水洗并用壳聚糖溶液浸泡后的黄芪11个月后出现霉变或虫蛀现象,而仅超声波辅助清洗后的黄芪12个月内没有出现霉变或虫蛀现象,超声波辅助清洗并用壳聚糖溶液浸泡后的黄芪,24个月内没有出现霉变或虫蛀现象.天然、无毒、抑菌性壳聚糖可以在贮藏期内有效对中药材防霉防蛀.Taking the cleanliness of astragalus mongholicus after washing with tap water as the assessment goal,the dried astragalus mongholicus was washed with 600 W and 40 k Hz low-frequency ultrasonic cleaning machine. The results showed that the higher the cleaning water temperature（ 25°C～60°C）,the shorter the time required to achieve the required cleanliness,the shortest time required at60°C; When the water temperature is higher than 30°C and the time was 30 min to achieve cleanliness above level 4; At 25°C（ room temperature）,ultrasonic cleaning of 40 min could achieve cleanliness of level 4 and above,water and energy saving,and could ensure that the active ingredients of astragalus mongholicus didn＇t lost basically. After cleaning,astragalus mongholicus was observed that the appearance of medicinal herbs during storage. Astragalus,which was only washed in ordinary water and dried appeared mildew or insects after 5 months. And astragalus which was washed in ordinary water and soaked in chitosan solution,mildew or insects,appeared after 11 months. However,only the astragalus after ultrasonic assisted cleaning didn＇t show any mildew or insect moths within 12 months.The astragalus after ultrasonic assisted cleaning and immersion with chitosan solution didn＇t show any mildew within 24 months. Natural,non-toxic,bacteriostatic chitosan could effectively prevent mildew and decay of Chinese herbal medicines during its storage period.

关 键 词：超声波清洗技术 中药材黄芪 洁净度 绿色养护 壳聚糖 防霉 防蛀 

分 类 号：O644.3[理学—物理化学]