具有复合型工具的超声加工声学系统设计  

Ultrasonic machining acoustics system with compound tool

作　　者：康凯 张云电[1] 赵猛 张豪[2] 金义坤 程浩 KANG Kai;ZHANGYun-dian;ZHAO Meng;ZHANG Hao;JIN Yi-kun;CHENGHao(School of Mechanical Engineering,Hangzhou Dianzi University,Hangzhou 310018,China;Zhejiang Machinery Industry Information Institute,Hangzhou 310009,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州电子科技大学机械工程学院,浙江杭州310018 [2]浙江省机械工业情报研究所,浙江杭州310009

出　　处：《机电工程》2018年第8期843-847,共5页Journal of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering

基　　金：浙江省科技厅重点研发项目(2017C01048)

摘　　要：针对传统加工硬脆材料和复合材料时,会产生加工难度高、加工效率低、加工质量差等问题,对旋转超声加工技术加工硬脆材料和复合材料时采用的具有复合型工具的旋转超声加工声学系统进行了研究。阐述了旋转超声加工的工作机理;运用Pro/E软件对新型旋转超声加工声学系统进行了结构设计;选定夹心式压电换能器,根据四端网络法、放大系数方程和频率方程设计出了1/4波长的新型复合变幅杆,依据等效质量法设计出了新型电镀金刚石复合刀具;利用ANSYS Workbench软件对新型复合变幅杆和新型复合刀具进行了模态分析,得出了模型最优解;通过硬脆材料实验对该超声加工的声学系统进行了验证。研究结果表明:变幅杆和刀具在频率20k Hz左右时振幅达到最大,是理想振型;该声学系统的设计可以满足加工硬脆材料和复合材料的要求。Aiming at the traditional processing of hard and brittle materials and composite materials which can produce many problems such as high processing difficulty,low processing efficiency and the poor quality,the acoustic system of rotary ultrasonic machining with composite tools used in machining hard and brittle materials and composite materials by rotating ultrasonic machining technology as well as the working mechanism of rotary ultrasonic machining was studied. The Pro/E Software was used to design for new rotating ultrasonic machining acoustics system. The sandwich type piezoelectric transducer was selected,which according to four terminal network method,the amplification coefficient equation and the frequency equation to design a new type of composite horn with 1/4 wave length. And a new type of electroplated diamond composite cutter was designed based on the equivalent mass method. The ANSYS Workbench software was used to analyze the new composite horn and the new compound tool,and the optimal solution of the model was obtained. The ultrasonic processing of the acoustic system was verified by hard and brittle material experiments. The result shows that the amplitude of amplitude-varying rod and cutting tool reach the maximum at about 20 k Hz frequency,which is an ideal mode. The design of the acoustic system can meet the requirements of machining hard and brittle materials and composite materials.

关 键 词：旋转超声加工 复合变幅杆 电镀金刚石刀具 模态分析 

分 类 号：TH122[机械工程—机械设计及理论] TB552[理学—物理]