中美军事飞行人员疾病谱主要疾病荟萃分析  

Meta-analysis of the main disease spectrum of flight personnel in China and the United States

作　　者：王广云[1] 孔德文 王佳[2] 崔丽[3] 张凌[2] WANG Guangyun;KONG Dewen;WANG Jia;CUI Li;ZHANG Ling(Department of Science and Training,Air Force General Hospital,Beijing 100142,China)

机构地区：[1]空军总医院科训科,北京100142 [2]空军总医院信息科,北京100142 [3]空军总医院全军临床航空医学中心,北京100142

出　　处：《空军医学杂志》2018年第4期228-233,共6页Medical Journal of Air Force

基　　金：全军后勤科研重大项目(AKJ15J003)

摘　　要：目的通过检索中、美军事飞行人员疾病谱统计数据,分析我军飞行人员的主要疾病分布情况,并与美军飞行人员的主要疾病对照,为今后我军航空医学保障研究及航空医学风险评估提供循证依据。方法检索CHKD、CNKI、万方医学数据库及美国空军航空医学特许管理示踪数据库系统(the USAF Aeromedical Information Management Waiver Tracking System,AIMWTS)获取相关统计数据。结果检索飞行人员疾病谱数据来源文献70余篇,引用文献23篇,制作图表11张。我军飞行人员前10位疾病依次为消化系统疾病、骨与关节疾病、心血管疾病、耳鼻喉疾病、泌尿系疾病、皮肤疾病、眼疾病、内分泌系统疾病、呼吸道疾病及血液和淋巴系统疾病。美军前10位依次为眼疾病、耳鼻咽喉疾病、精神与神经疾病、消化道疾病、骨与关节疾病、心血管疾病、内分泌系疾病、皮肤病、呼吸及胸部疾病、泌尿系统疾病。虽然我军消化系统疾病排位第1,与美军眼科疾病排位第1不同,但排位居前的其他系统疾病有高度的相似性(骨与关节、心脏与血管、耳鼻喉疾病均在疾病谱的前5位)。结论通过中、美飞行人员疾病对照分析,反映出我军飞行人员的主要疾病也是当前军事飞行人员的职业共患疾病。提示当前我军飞行人员消化系统疾病患病率高,心血管疾病仍是常见病和多发病,颈、腰椎病、关节病、背痛等疾病的患病率与飞行职业相关度高,屈光不正的中、美发病率差异大,鼻窦炎、变异性鼻炎等鼻科疾病中、美病种相似,肾结石患病率均较高。ObjectiveTo analyze the spectrum of main diseases among flight personnel in Chinese and U.S. Air Force using literature meta-analysis in order to provide evidence-based reference for risk assessment of aviation medicine. MethodsLiterature in this field was retrieved from medical bibliographic databases and foreign military official websites, such as CHKD, CNKI, AIMWTS. ResultsMore than seventy papers on the disease spectrum of flight personnel were reviewed, twenty-three of which were cited, while eleven charts were made. Research showed that the ten most commonly encountered diseases among the Chinese military flight personnel were digestive system diseases, bone and joint diseases, cardiovascular diseases, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, urologic diseases, skin diseases, ophthalmic diseases, endocrine system diseases, respiratory tract diseases and hematologic and lymphatic diseases. The top ten diseases in the U.S. Air Force were ophthalmic diseases, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, mental and neurological diseases, digestive system diseases, bone and joint diseases, cardiovascular diseases, endocrine system diseases, skin diseases, respiratory tract diseases and urologic diseases. Although the first ranking disease was digestive system diseases in China but ophthalmic diseases in the U.S., the rest of the top ten diseases were similar in both countries, such as bone and joint diseases, cardiovascular diseases and otorhinolaryngologic diseases. ConclusionThe comparative analysis shows that the main diseases that afflict our military flight personnel are occupational co-morbidities among current military aviation personnel. The incidence of digestive system diseases is high, and cardiovascular diseases remain common and frequent. Cervical and lumbar diseases, osteoarthritis and back pain are highly correlated with flight. There exists significant difference in the incidence of refractive errors between Chinese flight personnel and their counterparts in the United States, but nasosinusitis and allergic rhinitis are

关 键 词：军事飞行人员 疾病谱 荟萃分析 

分 类 号：R82[医药卫生—临床医学]