自振脉冲喷嘴异形结构对射流冲蚀性能的影响  

Effects of nozzle's special-shaped structure on erosion performances of a self-excited oscillation pulsed jet

作　　者：唐川林 徐旭[2] 王霞光[2] 胡东 TANG Chuanlin1, XU Xu2 , WANG Xiaguang2 , HU Dong1(1. College of Energy and Mechanical-Electrical Engineer, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi 417000, China; 2. Modern Jetting Department, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, Chin)

机构地区：[1]湖南人文科技学院能源与机电工程学院,湖南娄底417000 [2]湖南工业大学水射流研究所,湖南株洲412007

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2018年第15期118-123,155,共7页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51374101);湖南省研究生科研创新项目(CX2017B686);湖南省科技计划项目(2012FJ6023)

摘　　要：从提高射流冲蚀效率出发,利用自振脉冲射流对不同形状喷嘴的冲蚀性能进行分析。根据自振脉冲装置结构参数与射流振荡频率之间的关系,建立不同形状的下喷嘴冲蚀性能分析模型;以砂砖为靶件,测量了同等当量面积的圆形和方形喷嘴冲蚀体积和深度,研究冲蚀时间、振荡腔长和靶距对射流冲蚀效果的影响规律。结果表明,随冲蚀时间增加,方形喷嘴的冲蚀体积和冲蚀深度均高于圆形喷嘴,超过最佳冲蚀时间段后方形喷嘴冲蚀深度增长放缓明显。振荡腔长的变化对冲蚀深度影响较大,圆形喷嘴所对应的最佳腔长略小于方形喷嘴。相同工况下,随靶距增大,方形喷嘴冲蚀深度与冲蚀体积的降幅小于圆形喷嘴,前者所对应的冲蚀表面损伤面积大于后者,实验结果与理论分析相一致,所得结论对脉冲射流装置的设计与优化具有参考意义。In order to improve erosion efficiency of jets,erosion performances of a square nozzle and a circular nozzle were analyzed using a self-excited oscillation pulsed jet. The analysis model for erosion performances of different shapes nozzles was built based on the relationship between the self-excited oscillation pulsed jet device ＇s structural parameters and jet oscillation frequency. Taking a sand brick as the target,erosion volume and depth of the circular nozzle and the square one with the same equivalent area were measured,respectively. The effect laws of erosion time,oscillation chamber length and target distance on jet ＇s erosion performances were studied. Results showed that with increase in erosion time,the erosion volume and depth of the square nozzle are higher than those of the circular nozzle; the erosion depth of the former has a slower growth after beyond the optimal erosion time range; the change of chamber length has a larger effect on erosion depth,the optimal chamber length of the circular nozzle is smaller than that of the square nozzle;under the same condition,with increase in target distance,the decreasing amplitudes of the erosion depth and volume of the square nozzle are smaller than those of the circular nozzle,the damage area of the former＇s erosion surface is larger than that of the latter＇s. Test results agreed well with the theoretical analysis ones. The results provided a reference for designing and optimizing structural parameters of pulsed jet devices.

关 键 词：自振脉冲射流 腔长 靶距 冲蚀深度 冲蚀体积 

分 类 号：O358[理学—流体力学]