基于DDF-DEA三阶段模型的省域节能减排效率评价  

Evaluation of provincial energy-saving and emission reduction efficiency based on DDF-DEA three-stage model

作　　者：张吉岗 杨红娟[1] ZHANG Ji-gang;YANG Hong-juan(Faculty of Management and Economics,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming Yunan 650093,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学管理与经济学院,云南昆明650093

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2018年第9期24-31,共8页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"云南少数民族贫困地区生态文明建设关键因素和有效路径研究"(批准号:71463034);"基于生态文明的少数民族农户低碳行为模式研究--以云南为例"(批准号:71263030);云南省院省校合作项目"碳排放交易市场机制下云南企业碳减排效率研究"(批准号:SYSX201702)

摘　　要：过去五年,生态环境治理明显加强,环境状况得到改善,全面节约资源有效推进,能源资源消耗强度大幅下降,然而环保部门数据显示,中国大气污染程度仍然十分严重。因此,评价中国各省域节能减排效率并提出政策建议,对优化生产生活方式,实现"十三五"节能减排目标有着理论与实践意义。本文剔除了数据缺失的河北、西藏两个地区,选取2015中国大陆29个省(自治区、直辖市)作为样本考察对象,把能源消耗量作为投入变量,GDP作为期望产出变量,二氧化硫、氮氧化物、烟(粉尘)等废气排放量作为非期望产出变量,构建DDF-DEA模型测算各省域节能减排效率,并利用SFA模型剔除产业结构、废气治理等外部环境因素和随机噪声对节能减排效率的影响。结果显示:(1)节能减排整体有效省(自治区、直辖市)的数量偏少,仅有北京市和广东省有效;(2)地区间节能减排效率差异明显,与经济发达程度密切相关,总体呈现东部地带>中部地带>西部地带的态势;(3)纯技术水平普遍较高。造成节能减排效率低的主要原因是无规模效应,中西部地带尤为突出,特别是西部地带规模效应与最优规模效应差距太大,如何提高能源利用的规模效应是今后改革的重点之一。文章最后从政府、企业、公众三个层面给出建议:保护环境、治理环境政府必须发挥主导作用,企业是中坚力量,公众是重要参与者,为建设美丽中国,打赢蓝天保卫战做出共同努力。The 19th CPC National Congress Report pointed out that the construction of ecological civilization is a millennium plan for the sustainable development of the Chinese nation, and it is necessary to adhere to the basic national policy of saving resources and protecting the environment. In the past five years, the ecological environment having been significantly strengthened, the environmental situation having been improved, the overall conservation of resources having been effectively promoted, and the intensity of energy and resources consumption having decreased significantly. However, the level of air pollution in China is still very serious from the environmental protection sector data. Therefore, it is of theoretical and practical significance to evaluate the efficiency of energy saving and enfission reduction in various provinces of China and offer some policy suggestions for optinfizing the production and life style and emission reduction target of the 13th Five Year Plan. Except for Hebei and Tibet, selecting data in 2015 from 29 provinces （autonomous regions, munieipalities directly under the central government） of China's Mainland as sample objects, and considering energy consumption as input variable and GDP as expected output variable, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, smoke （dust） and other exhaust gas emissions as non-expected output variables, this paper constructed DDF-DEA model to calculate the efficiency of energy saving and emission reduction in the provinces, and based on the SFA model, it eliminated the effects of external environmental factors such as industrial structure, exhaust gas treatment and random noise on the efficiency of energy- saving and emission reduction. The results showed that ： ①There are small number of effective provinces （autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government） , and energy saving and emission reduction were only effective in Beijing and Guangdong. ②The efficiency of energy saving and emission reduction was obviously d

关 键 词：DDH-DEA SFA 投入 产出 节能减排效率 

分 类 号：F062.2[经济管理—政治经济学] F062.1