贸易自由化与中国制造业就业——基于海关与地级城市匹配数据的研究  

Trade Liberalization and China's Manufacturing Employment

作　　者：吴国锋 王跃生[1] Wu Guofeng,Wang Yuesheng(School of Economics,Peking University,Beijing 100871,Chin)

机构地区：[1]北京大学经济学院,北京100871

出　　处：《河北经贸大学学报》2018年第5期72-77,共6页Journal of Hebei University of Economics and Business

基　　金：国家社会科学基金"企业异质性与中国出口市场多元化研究"(12CGJ026);国家留学基金委员会"2017年国家建设高水平大学公派研究生项目"(留金发【2017】3109)

摘　　要：基于1997—2013年中国海关与地级城市匹配数据研究对外贸易对制造业就业的影响可发现:贸易自由化对中国制造业就业具有显著的促进作用,其中,出口和进口贸易均显著地促进了中国制造业就业。贸易自由化对中国制造业就业的促进作用存在区域差异。使用系统GMM模型和剔除异常值模型进行稳健性检验,结果发现,贸易自由化对中国制造业就业的促进作用依然成立。由于贸易自由化显著地促进了中国制造业就业增长,因此继续推进和深化贸易自由化改革对于缓解当前的"就业难"问题至关重要。同时,应继续坚持把发展作为第一要务,深化供给侧改革,实施区域协调发展战略,加快完善社会主义市场经济体制,推动形成全面开放新格局。Based on China＇s Custom-City match data between 1997 and 2013,we study the impact of trade liberalization on China＇s manufacturing employment. The results show trade liberalization has a significant positive impact on China＇s manufacturing employment. Both export and import promote China＇s manufacturing employment significantly. Besides, the promotion effect varies across different regions. We use system GMM model and models removing outliers as robustness checks, which confirm the promotion effect of trade on China＇s manufacturing employment. As trade liberalization promotes China＇s manufacturing employment significantly,the promotion of trade liberalization will definitely help resolve the ＂Difficult to be employed＂ issue. At the meantime, we should insist on taking development as priority, deepening the supply-side reform,implementing the strategy of regional harmonious development, perfecting the socialist market economic system, and promoting to generate a new structure of fully opening-up.

关 键 词：对外贸易 制造业就业 区域差异 系统GMM 

分 类 号：F752[经济管理—国际贸易] F424[经济管理—产业经济]