远安县苦槠天然林种群结构和空间分布格局分析  

Analysis on the Population Structure and Spatial Distribution Pattern of Castanopsis sclerophylla Natural Forest in Yuan'an County

作　　者：肖正利 杨忠书 钦松 周丹 XIAO Zheng-lil,YANG Zhong-shul,QIN Song2,ZHOU Dan3(1.Forcstry Burcau of Yuan＇an County,Yuan＇an 444200, Hubei, China ; 2.Hubei Vocational College of Economical Enginccring Wuhan 430200,China; 3.Yiling County Forcstry Burcau in Yichang City, Yichang 443100, Hubei, Chin)

机构地区：[1]远安县林业局,湖北远安444200 [2]湖北生态工程职业技术学院,武汉430200 [3]宜昌市夷陵区林业局,湖北宜昌443100

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2018年第14期90-96,共7页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：通过样方调查,采用7种聚集度指标测定方法,测定苦槠[Castanopsis sclerophylla(Lindl.)Schott.]天然林种群的空间分布格局;编制了静态生命表,绘制了存活曲线,对苦槠种群龄级结构和数量特征进行了分析。结果显示,苦槠天然林种群空间分布呈现聚集分布;静态生命周期表表现出苗丰富,Ⅱ龄级以上的存活数呈现下降、Ⅲ龄级以上处在上升稳定发展期、Ⅵ龄级以上呈递减变化趋势特征,这是其自身生物学特性及环境因素和种群内外部之间竞争造成的;存活曲线接近于迪维(Deevey)C型,表示幼苗期死亡率很高,随后死亡率低而稳定。龄级数量有较充足的后备资源,不是连续向成年发育;龄级结构特征为I龄级苗比重大,向Ⅱ~Ⅳ龄级以上高阶径转换过程中数量下降,不连续发育,在Ⅴ、Ⅵ龄级达到稳定,Ⅶ龄级以上向成熟林迈进趋势减少,这都是环境条件的筛选作用结果;种群结构量化结果表明为增长稳定型种群,说明苦槠种群在自然状态下能保持稳定和扩散。通过加强苦槠天然林的保护,适当人为干扰,开展结构化森林经营,保持种群的聚集性生长,促进种群更新,可维持苦槠数量和范围的扩散。With the means of quadrat investigation,the spatial distribution patterns of natural populations of Castanopsis sclerophylla（Lindl.） Schott. were determined by using 7 kinds of aggregation index. By preparation of static life tables and survival curves,the age structure and quantitative characteristics of the populations were analyzed. The results showed that, the spatial distribution of natural populations of C. sclerophylla showed aggregated distribution; The survival number of the static life table is rich, and the survival number of the second class decreased, the third class stage is at the stable development period, and the sixth grade had a decreasing trend. The population ＇s biological characteristics and environmental factors,the internal and external competition among populations are the main reasons for this phenomenon. The survival curve is close to Deevey C,which indicates that the seedling mortality rate is very high,then followed by low and stable mortality. The numbers of age classes are sufficient, discontinuous development to the adult. The age-class structure is characterized as a large proportion of I-grade seedlings, which decrease in the process of transformation from grade Ⅱ to Ⅳ and higher-grade, discontinuous,reach to stable levels at the Ⅴ and Ⅵ grade, the trend of the population of grade Ⅶ and above toward mature forest decreases,which are resulted from the screening of the environmental conditions. The quantification of the structure showed the steady growth of the population. The results show that the population of C. sclerophylla can maintain its stability and spread under the natural condition, by strengthening the protection of natural forests of C. sclerophylla,with appropriate anthropogenic interference and structured forest management, maintaining for the aggregated growth of the population and promoting population renewal, the proliferation of quantity and scope can be maintained.

关 键 词：苦槠[Castanopsis sclerophylla(Lindl.)Schott.] 种群结构 空间分布格局 远安县 

分 类 号：S792.173.542[农业科学—林木遗传育种]